The article presents the results of the authors’ own observations and an overview of the main directions in clinical and experimental psychological studies of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which includes complementary data in the framework of the modern biopsychosocial paradigm and the concept of psychosomatic relationships. The analysis confirms the complex somatocentric basis of the idea of the disease in patients using cognitively determined separation of physiological (bodily) and psychosocial determinants, which can be considered as a vector for psychotherapeutic interventions and secondary psychoprophylaxis. It is emphasized that the attitude to the disease as a socially frustrating factor has a stronger effect on the quality of life of patients and adaptive potential than the actual symptoms of the disease.

Summary. The current biopsychosocial paradigm in medicine and medical psychology ensures the development of the theory and methodology of medical psychodiagnostics as a comprehensive study of psychological and psychosocial factors underlying mental adaptation. The diagnostic of prenosological and initial manifestations of borderline spectrum disorders designated as adjustment disorders in ICD-10 (F43.2), requires the criteria qualification of real or potential stressogenic social functioning conditions, thus, an arsenal of adequate methods of clinical and medical-psychosocial psychodiagnostics is required. The questionnaire «Social Frustration Level» represents one of such methods. The study of social frustration phenomenon as a predictor of emotional tension and stress resistance allows to characterize personality traits in relation to environmental influence and assess the specificity and pathogenic significance of socially frustrating factors. The article substantiates theoretical and methodological foundations of the questionnaire, its attributive characteristics — the phenomena of external and internal social frustration identified in medical psychodiagnostics for the first time. Socio-diagnostic criteria are illustrated by examples of the practical use in medical psychodiagnostics of social frustration in teachers of mass schools, the military and in patients with focal epilepsy. The specified research contingent is united by the problem of stress resistance in crisis situations (including a disease situation and the attitude to the disease). The questionnaire «Social Frustration Level» can be considered as a necessary form of psychosocial diagnostics of stress genesis, a source of information in screening psychoprophylactic studies, as well as in the forming of indications for psycho- and sociotherapy.

Rapid progress in information technologies has a significant impact on psychological research and practice. Computer psychodiagnosis is a new branch of psychology. Its subjects are computer-assisted solution of psychological problems, development of computer versions of psychodiagnostic methods, and development of new methods of psychological information processing [2-4, 6, 81. Progress in computer psychodiagnosis is closely associated with such computer sciences as data analysis (methods and algorithms of experimental data processing) and artificial intelligence (development of computer systems designed to solve heuristic problems and to simulate creativity). Methods and algorithms of experimental data processing are routinely used to develop new psychodiagnostic methods and scales (objective paradigm of data analysis) and for processing of results of psychosemantic experiments (subjective paradigm of data analysis). Methods of artificial intelligence are used in psychodiagnosis to develop expert systems for automation of psychological examinations. These expert systems are computer versions of psychodiagnostic methods.Computer versions of psychodiagnostic methods are presently widely used in psychological research and practice. They are used both in individual clinical examinations and in mass-scale screening tests. These systems should provide a diagnostic conclusion concerning a given patient in the form of consistent text representing the psychological portrait of the patient. An automatic diagnostic conclusion should be individual rather than a sum of average characteristics and parameters typical of a certain contingent of people.Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute, St. Petersburg; E-mail: doctor@rwa.spb.ru 134Although interpretation of the results of a psychodiagnostic examination and compilation of a psychodiagnostic conclusion is a creative process, it is usually based on routine processing of experimental results. Skilled psychologists are able to obtain a more adequate psychological portrait of the person tested. An automated procedure for making psychodiagnostic conclusions implies simulation of the way of thinking of skilled psychologists. The main difficulty is to formalize the skill and experience of experts and to present this knowledge in a form appropriate for computer processing.Know-how technology is the direction of artificial intelligence research dealing with information (knowledge) acquisition, structuring, and processing. Knowledge acquisition is the procedure of interaction with a source of knowledge (expert, literature, etc.) resulting in formulation of a specific algorithm. Structuring and presentation of knowledge are interconnected processes representing analysis and encoding of information and development of an intelligent system [5].A model of interpretation of the results of various psychodiagnostic tests is an example of the application of know-how technology to psychodiagnostic examinations. This model was developed in our laboratory based on the experience of expert psych...