За допомогою методу диференційної сканувальної калориметрії досліджено вплив нанотрубок на механізм та структуроутворення композитів. Показано, що частинки карбонанотрубок є активними нуклеаційними агентами для кристалізації поліпропілену, яка відбувається за механізмом натягнутої матриці і створює структуру у вигляді дрібномасштабних кристаліт ів з великою питомою поверхнею. Зазначено, що за вмісту карбонанотрубок 1-2 мас.% створюються найкращі умови для кристалізації.
Abstract. Polymer nanocomposites (PNC) as a new class of materials is the object of intensive research during the last decade. The growth of interest in the study of these systems is explained by their better mechanical durability and higher thermal stability in comparison with the unfilled polymers. The improvement of the characteristics of the polymer takes place already at the insertion of a small amount of filler (~ 1 -5 %) in it. The main advantages of these materials are light weight, corrosion resistance, ease of treatment, cheap filler etc. Nowadays, the majority of the heat power complex products are manufactured on the basis of polymer composite materials (PCM) which contain microparticles. The use of the nanofillers allows developing a PCM with the same set of functional characteristics that the PCM with micro particles has, but at the lower filler content. Polymer nanocomposites (PNC) are not only of practical interest, but also of a fundamental one, as nanofillers have a greater specific surface area which polymer chains interact. Therefore, the main studies in this direction have recently been focused on the improvement of synthesis methods and characterization of physical properties of polymer nanocomposites. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are of considerable interest for many technologies. CNT have high elasticity, strength and stringiness, so that they can be used in a wide variety of nanocomposites, including the polymer ones. One of the most important factors of the effective improvement of the polymer properties is the insertion of carbon nanotubes which have large specific surface area, that promotes better adhesion with the polymer matrix, in comparison with conventional polymer composites. Polymer nanocomposites filled with carbon nanotubes can be easily made due to the small diameter of the filler. The use of carbon nanotubes as a filler provides wide possibilities for the development of new multifunctional materials with a wide range of applications in industry. Currently, there is no systematic information on the impact of carbon nanotubes on the processes of structure formation of polymer composites and thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites obtained on their basis. Considering the above mentioned, the study of the impact of carbon nanotubes on the structure and thermal properties of the composites on their basis is urgent. Keywords: polypropylene/carbon nanotube; nanocomposite; non-isothermal crystallization; crystallization enthalpy; crystallization temperature.Анотація. Представлено результати експериментальних і розрахункових досліджень кінетики неізотермічної кристалізації ізотактичного поліпропілену (ПП-0) і нанокомпозитів, які містять 0,5 (ПП-0,5); 1 (ПП-1); 2 (ПП-2); 5 (ПП-5); 10 (ПП-10); 20 (ПП-20) мас. % вуглецевих нанотрубок. Виконано аналіз термодинамічних параметрів залежно від процентного вмісту вуглецевих нанотрубок. Вивчено особливості впливу структури полімерних нанокомпозитів на їх теплофізичні властивості.
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