Aim. The work was performed with the purpose to study antibacterial action of millimolar concentrations of copper and zinc ions, used as sulfates or chlorides in the cultures of S.pyogenes and S.agalactiae. Materials and methods. Suspensions of the S.pyogenes and S.agalactiae bacteria which contained 108 CFU/ml were sown by the lawns into the standard Petri dishes coated with the supplemented Nutrient Agar. 30 min later the salt solutions of copper or zinc were added by the 5 pi drops on the surfaces of the lawns with use of 36-channel stamp replicator. The salt solutions contained copper or zinc at the concentrations ranged between 5xl0-3 M to 5xl0_1 M of the metals. Then the dishes containing bacterial cultures were incubated for 24 hrs at 37°C followed by measuring diameter of the area of culture growth inhibition. The probes of material obtained from the centers of the stunting areas were passed into the centrifuge tubes with the supplemented Nutrient Broth, incubated for up to five days at 37°C and tested for the Broth clarity. Results. In presence of the metal concentrations ranged between 50 to 500 mM the inhibitory action of zinc sulfate towards S.pyogenes bacteria was 1.5 - 1.7 times higher (p

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a widespread polyethiological clustering characterized by metabolic, hormonal disorders and clinical manifestations that significantly increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, type II diabetes and other pathological conditions. An important role in the development of MS is assigned to the intestinal microbiota. To develop new therapeutic agents for correction of MS manifestations, it is necessary to develop adequate experimental models. In this paper, comparative studies were conducted to assess the parameters of lipid metabolism, the content of peptide hormones, morphological changes in liver tissue, and the quantitative and generic composition of the intestinal microbiota of mice. Experimental models of experimental hyperlipidemia (HL) caused by the introduction of poloxamer 407 (Pol407) and alimentary MS (a diet with fructose and the addition of cholesterol to the feed) were used. Significant increase in the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was found in the group of mice treated with Pol407 injections. To assess the indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in blood serum, the following markers were determined: insulin, adiponectin, leptin. In the alimentary MS model a decrease in adiponectin in the blood serum, while insulin level was increased. In both experimental models, significant changes in the gut microbiota of mice were observed. They were associated with the manifestation of metabolic dysbiosis - an increase in the representation of Firmicutes (staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci) in the biomaterial, changes among representatives of both facultative (E. coli), and transient (Enterobacter bacteria) microflora. In addition, dystrophic, as well as morphological changes and signs of inflammation in the liver tissue were noted in both groups.

Objective. The work was performed with the purpose to study susceptibility of S. aureus bacteria to the action of the standard spectrum of antibiotics in presence of zinc ions used on the disks with antibiotics or on the lawn of the bacterial culture preliminarily to antibiotics treatment.Materials and methods. Suspensions of S. aureus bacteria which contained 108 CFU/ ml were sown by the lawns into the standard Petri dishes coated with the supplemented Nutrient Agar. 30 min later the standard disks with antibiotics were passed on the surface of the lawn, and zinc sulfate was added by the drops of the volume of 5 μl on the surface of the disk. Then the dishes with bacterial cultures were incubated for 24 hrs at 37°C followed by measuring diameter of the area of culture growth inhibition. In some tests preliminarily to the disks with antibiotics passing the places of following disks application were treated with the zinc sulfate for 10 min at the room temperature.Results and discussion. In presence of 1.0 μg/ml of zinc ions on the disk with antibiotics protective action of the metal towards the bacteria was registered at 2.9 per cent observations. In presence of one, four or eight zinc ions per one molecule of antibiotic protective action was registered at 1.4-5.7 per cent observations. Treatment with zinc ions of the surfaces of lawns followed by the disks installation resulted in 27.3-45.5 per cent observations of reducing diameter of the area of bacterial growth inhibition.Conclusion. The treatment of the surface of the lawn of S. aureus bacteria with zinc ions cause protection of the bacteria from the following inhibitory antibiotics action.

Aim. The work was performed with the purpose to study a hemolytic activity in the culture of S.pyogenes under the inhibitory action of millimolar concentrations of zinc ions.Materials and methods. Suspensions of S.pyogenes bacteria which contained 108 CFU/ml were sown by the lawns into the standard Petri dishes coated with the supplemented Blood Nutrient Agar. 30 min later the salt solutions of zinc or copper which contained the metals at the concentrations ranged between 5 x 10-3 M to 5 x 10-1 M were added by the 5 μl drops on the surfaces of the lawns with use of 36-channel stamp replicator. Then the dishes with bacterial cultures were incubated for 24 hrs at 37°C followed by measuring diameter of the area of culture growth inhibition and of the area of inhibition of hemolysis. The study was performed with use of controls towards measuring the state of bacterial cells obtained from different zones of the areas.Results. In presence of the zinc ions concentrations ranged between 50 to 500 mM the area of the growth inhibition of S.pyogenes was surrounded on the lawn of the bacterial culture by the area of the inhibition of hemolysis where the growth inhibition of S.pyogenes was not registered. Copper ions did not form such an area of the hemolysis inhibition.Conclusion. Inhibitory action of zinc ions on the hemolytic S.pyogenes activity in the culture seems to be specific and reversible, and is discussed in a context of the antivirulent zinc ions properties.

Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф.Гамалеи, Москва Цель. Оценка ингибирующего воздействия миллимолярных концентраций двухвалентных катионов металлов, различающихся первичными механизмами реализации токсичности, на культуру S.pyogenes. Материалы и методы. Суспензию бактерий S.pyogenes, содержавшую 10 8 КОЕ/мл, засевали газоном на чашки Петри с питательным агаром. Спустя 30 мин на поверхность газона с помощью 36-канального штампа-репликатора каплями объемом по 5 мкл наносили водные растворы солей с концентрацией по катионам металлов от 5х10 -3 М до 5х10 -1 М. Затем чашки с культурой бактерий инкубировали в течение суток при 37°С, после чего определяли диаметр зоны задержки роста. Для оценки наличия (отсутствия) в зонах задержки роста жизнеспособных бактерий из центра зоны производили посевы материала в пробирки с питательным бульоном, которые термостатировали в течение срока до пяти суток при 37°С, после чего оценивали прозрачность питательного бульона. Результаты. По действию на газоне культуры S.pyogenes в диапазоне концентраций металлов от 50 до 500 мМ относительно невысокую активность демонстрируют катионы меди и железа, промежуточные эффекты реализуют кобальт, никель и марганец, наиболее высокий потенциал отличает катионы цинка. При этом высокую бактерицидную активность проявляют катионы железа и меди, умеренную -катионы цинка, отсутствие регистрируемой бактерицидной активности характеризует действие марганца, никеля и кобальта. Заключение. Ингибирующее действие двухвалентных катионов тяжелых металлов на газоне культуры S.pyogenes с большой вероятностью включает бактериостатический и бактерицидный компоненты, проявление активности которых определяется первичными механизмами реализации токсических свойств катионов.