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Учредитель и издатель: Founder and editor: ФГБОУ ВО «Казанская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины имени Н.Э. Баумана» (ФГБОУ ВО Казанская ГАВМ) FSBEI HE «Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine»(FSBEI HE KSAVM) Печатается по решению редакционной коллегии Казанской государственной академии ветеринарной медицины им. Н.Э. Баумана от 5 Июня 2019 г

The aimof research was to study morphofunctional signs of the sensorimotor "dark neurons" formation in the cerebrum of sexually mature white rats under normal conditions and in 40 minutesafter the common carotid arteries (CCA) occlusion.Material and methods.Acute ischemia was simulated in white Wistar rats by a 40-min CCA occlusion. The brain was fixed by immersion and perfusion methods. A comparative morphometric assessment of cyto-and gliocytoarchitectonics of the neocortex was carried out under normal conditions (n = 6), 1 (n = 6), 3 (n= 6), and in 7 days (n = 6) after the common carotid arteries (CCA) occlusion. The Nissl staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical typing NSE, MAP-2, HSP-70, p38, CASP3, GFAP and AIF1 were applied. The numerical density of normochromic and hyperchromic (dark) pyramidal neurons, oligodendrocytes, microgliocytes, and the relative area of edema –swelling zones were determined. Statistical hypotheses were tested by nonparametric methods using Statistica 8.0 software.Results.The method of the brain fixation significantly influenced the content of the artifact dark neurons,which are similar in morphology and tinctorial properties to degeneratively altered dark neurons. The appearance of reversibly and irreversibly degeneratively altered dark neurons in the sensorimotor cortex after the CCA occlusion was accompanied by an increase in the relative area of edema  –swelling zones (control  –5.4%, 1st day  –17.6%). The maximum content of degeneratively altered dark neurons (53%) was found in layer V in 7 days after ischemia. According to the findings of immunohistochemical typing NSE, MAP-2, HSP-70, p38, CASP3, the specific proteins of the most degeneratively altered dark neurons were retained, ensuring their restoration and the neural network functioning. The total number density of sensorimotor neurons decreased by 26.4% (p =0.001) in layer III, and by 18.5% in layer V (Mann –Whitney U Test; p = 0.01) in 7 days after the intervention. The revealed changes were of a diffuse focal character. In the zones of degeneratively altered dark neurons accumulation, the content of astrocytes, microgliocytes and oligodendrocytes increased. The neuro-astroglial index (control  –1.62) increased to 2.72 in 3 days after the CCA occlusion. The peak in the number density of microgliocyte s was noted in 1 day, and the oligodendrocytes in 7 days after acute incomplete ischemia (Mann –Whitney U Test; p0.001).Conclusion.After a 40-minute common carotid arteries occlusion, dark neurons were detected in layers III and V of the sensorimotor cortex with underlying hydropic dystrophy; their cytomorphological pro perties indicated the dynamics of their in vivo degenerative changes. Restoration of degeneratively altered dark neurons was accompanied  by  an  increase  in  the  number  of  satellite  oligodendrocytes,  astrocytes  and  microgliocytes. The  revealed changes were considered as one of the variants of reversible changes in neurons in response to moderate ischemic damage.

Aim: This study investigated the effects of antitox and Vitamin E-selenium on meat quality and safety in rabbits after experimental 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (1,1-DMH) toxicosis. Materials and Methods: Experimental groups of rabbits weighing 1.5-2.5 kg each were kept in a vivarium under same controlled conditions (temperature 16-21°C, humidity 60-80%, 12/12 h light/dark cycle, noise level <85 dB) with free access to standard food containing 22.0% protein, 4.5% fat, and 4% fiber. The effect of a detoxifying mixture of antitox and Vitamin E-selenium on safety indicators (residual amount of 1,1-DMH) and quality indicators pre- and post-detoxification of the rabbits from 1,1-DMH was determined. Results: After detoxification, the residual 1,1-DMH level decreased in all organs and tissues to <0.1 mg/kg. The nutritional value of meat increased by improving organoleptic, physical, and chemical parameters and the amino acid composition of protein. Conclusion: The antitox+Vitamin E-selenium detoxifying mixture significantly decreases the residual 1,1-DMH level in organs and tissues of animals and increases the nutritional value of rabbit meat in subacute poisoning. The detoxifying mixture can also be used on animals grazing in territories adjacent to Proton-M launch sites for preventive and therapeutic purposes.

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