The article reviews the issues dedicated to improving of energy and environmental indicators of automotive machinery by means of two-phase mixture formation in diesel engine. With this method, the 1st phase of mixture formation proceeds at intake stroke by the supply of the certain dose of fuel activator (gasoline, alcohol, biodiesel, etc.) into engine intake manifold, where a mixture of air and activator is formed. The 2nd phase proceeds at compression stroke by the supply of the major dose of diesel oil with the standard fuel supply system into combustion chamber. For the practical implementation of the described method, the diesel engine needs to be equipped with an automatic system for fumigation of air charge. The system contains electronic control unit (ECU), electromagnetic injectors, electric pump and sensors of engine speed and load mode. An algorithm of ECU operation for program control of injectors, supplying activator at the intake stroke, was developed. The sequence of actuation of injectors, coincident with the engine firing order, was substantiated. A formula for calculation of the duration of control pulse supplied to the injectors was derived. The proposed automatic system performs the activator injection, corresponding to the engine firing order, and the exact activator dosage, depending on engine speed and load mode, at the 1st phase of two-phase mixture formation.

The article offers the method of improving of the automotive diesel engine power capacity, fuel economy and ecological parameters by two-phase mixture formation. In this way, the first phase is performed by means of the fuel activator supply (dose 10-20 %) into the intake manifold. The second phase is performed by means of the main fuel dose by the standard fuel system. The design of the developed system for the implementation of the first phase of two-phase mixture formation is described.

Статья посвящена проблеме улучшения эффективных и экологических показателей автотракторной техники путем двухфазного смесеобразования в дизелях, оснащенных системой питания с непосредственным впрыском топлива в камеру сгорания. При данном способе смесеобразования первая фаза осуществляется путем впрыска определенной дозы (10-20 %) жидкого активатора (бензина, керосина, дизельного топлива и др.) в такте впуска во впускной тракт дизеля с образованием активаторно-воздушной смеси в цилиндре дизеля. Во второй фазе смесеобразования впрыск основной дозы топлива в цилиндр дизеля осуществляется штатной топливной аппаратурой в конце такта сжатия в сжатую активаторно-воздушную смесь с образованием рабочей смеси, подготовленной для активного воспламенения по всему объему камеры сгорания. Для практической реализации первой фазы двухфазного смесеобразования дизель необходимо дополнительно оснастить системой многоточечного впрыска активатора электромагнитными форсунками, управляемыми электронным блоком. Данная система должна обеспечивать высокую точность дозирования активатора, его своевременную подачу в такте впуска и равномерное распределение по цилиндрам дизеля. Выполненные НИОКР включали разработку функциональной модели системы, а также методик по обоснованию длительности и алгоритма управляющих импульсов, подаваемых на электромагнитные форсунки. Система содержит бак для активатора, фильтр, электронасос, модернизированный впускной трубопровод, электромагнитные форсунки, датчики и электронный блок управления, выполненный на базе программируемого микроконтроллера. The article is devoted to the problem of improving the effective and environmental indicators of automotive equipment by two-phase mixing in diesels equipped with a power system with direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber. In this method of mixing, the first phase is carried out by injecting a certain dose (10-20 %) of a liquid activator (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, etc.) in the instroke into the diesel intake tract to form an activator-air mixture in the diesel cylinder. In the second phase of mixing, the injection of the main fuel dose into the diesel cylinder is carried out by normal fuel equipment at the end of the instroke into a compressed activator-air mixture with the formation of a working mixture prepared for active ignition throughout the entire volume of the combustion chamber. For the practical implementation of the first phase of two-phase mixing, the diesel engine must be additionally equipped with a multi-point activator injection system with electromagnetic nozzles controlled by an electronic unit. This system should ensure high accuracy of activator dosing, its timely delivery in the instroke and equable distribution across the diesel cylinders. The performed research and development works included the development of a functional model of the system, as well as methods to justify the duration and algorithm of control pulses applied to electromagnetic nozzles. The system contains an activator tank, filter, electric pump, upgraded intake pipeline, electromagnetic nozzles, sensors and an electronic control unit based on a programmable microcontroller.

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