Exactly 50 years ago, the first article on electrochromism was published. Today electrochromic materials are highly popular in various devices. Interest in nanostructured electrochromic and nanocomposite organic/inorganic nanostructured electrochromic materials has increased in the last decade. These materials can enhance the electrochemical and electrochromic properties of devices related to them. This article describes electrochromic materials, proposes their classification and systematization for organic inorganic and nanostructured electrochromic materials, identifies their advantages and shortcomings, analyzes current tendencies in the development of nanomaterials used in electrochromic coatings (films) and their practical use in various optical devices for protection from light radiation, in particular, their use as light filters and light modulators for optoelectronic devices, as well as methods for their preparation. The modern technologies of “Smart Windows”, which are based on chromogenic materials and liquid crystals, are analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages are also given. Various types of chromogenic materials are presented, examples of which include photochromic, thermochromic and gasochromic materials, as well as the main physical effects affecting changes in their optical properties. Additionally, this study describes electrochromic technologies based on WO3 films prepared by different methods, such as electrochemical deposition, magnetron sputtering, spray pyrolysis, sol–gel, etc. An example of an electrochromic “Smart Window” based on WO3 is shown in the article. A modern analysis of electrochromic devices based on nanostructured materials used in various applications is presented. The paper discusses the causes of internal and external size effects in the process of modifying WO3 electrochromic films using nanomaterials, in particular, GO/rGO nanomaterials.

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This work presents a study of the conditions and possibilities for the intercalation of hexafluorophosphate anions into CNT-based electrodes. For this, cathodes based on CNTs synthesized on different catalysts (Co-Mo)/(Al 2 O 3 -MgO) and (Fe-Co)/ 2.1 Al 2 O 3 were produced. As a result, electrode materials were obtained at various concentrations of CNT/graphite: CNT-4F, CNT-6, and CNT-6F. The resulting electrodes were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CVA) in an electrolyte of a dissolved LiPF 6 salt based on EC : DEC (ethylene carbonate : diethylene carbonate) solvents (in the ratio 1 : 1 : 1) with an admixture of 3% VC at a sweep speed of 4 mV/s. On the basis of the obtained CVA dependences, the specific charge/discharge capacity of the electrodes CNT-4F, CNT-6, and CNT-6F was determined. The largest specific charge/discharge capacity calculated per mass of CNTs was 292 and 164.22 (mA h)/g for CNT-4/graphite electrodes, and the minimum specific charge/discharge capacity was 41.67 and 1.5 (mA h)/g for CNT-4 electrodes without graphite, respectively. Also, the dependences of the average electrode utilization coefficient on the charge time at constant current on the cycle number at a charge of 300 s were obtained. For chronoamperograms of individual steps of the СNT-6F electrode, the values of lithium diffusion coefficients were calculated.