Applicability of the article is preconditioned by the requirements of information-oriented society that dictate modern youth the necessity of work with information ability, to see, to envisage and to correct logic errors. In modern world it is important to conduct reflection of own activity that maintain the necessity of critical thinking development, especially during individual acquisition of knowledge by students of higher educational establishments. Though critical thinking is introduced at school, it should be developed actively also on the next levels of education, including the level of higher education. Aims. To check complex of methods of critical thinking methods directed to the development of intellectual educational skills of students during unsupervised work. Methods: general scientific methods of information analysis were used in the research. Questionnaire method was introduced with the help of methods of the level of competency certification of Yu. Tatur, “critical analysis” of Barret, finding of logical errors of Cheifits. Qualimetric approach of the research of level of competency certification. Semantic differential tear of J. Dease. Statistic analysis was performed with the help of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results. During the research it was revealed that the average rate of rational thinking of all groups of respondents is on the average level and is equal to about 50%. Propensity for sweeping generalizations of students of 1-2 years of study is 10% higher, students of 2-3 years of study is for 10 % more empiric one. Empiric objectness of students of 3-4 years of study is 14,5%, and students of 1-2 years of study is from 11,4% to 12,1%. Conclusions. According to all criteria of diagnostics of efficiency of critical thinking effect on self-guided work if students positive dynamics was revealed. Students of 1-2 years of study showed higher potential for self-guided work than students of 3-4 years of study. Perspectives. Further researches can be organized in direction of development and introduction of critical thinking development for improvement of acquirement of competences with regard of future professional activity.
Статья посвящена браку и брачным стратегиям славяноязычной племенной общности мрковичей (mrkovići) на юге Черногории в зоне славянско-албанских контактов на западе Балкан. Рассматриваемая общность демонстрирует связь видимых результатов контакта в лексической системе мрковичского говора с этносоциальной ситуацией в регионе в целом и в отдельно взятых селах. В центре внимания находится брачная география мрковичей – картографированные направления и частотность брачных контактов, отражение в них тенденций племенной эндогамии и экзогамии и влияние на практики межэтнического взаимодействия. Подробно анализируются брачные контакты четырех населенных пунктов региона: Дапчевичи (Dapčevići), Луне (Lunje), Добра-Вода (Dobra Voda), Веля-Горана (Velja Gorana). Исследование основано на материалах полевых интервью, проведенных авторами в селах мрковичей в ходе нескольких сезонов экспедиций 2012–2015 гг. Исследование включает в себя истории отдельных семей и родов в широком контексте социальных, исторических и языковых изменений. Брачные контакты мрковичей с их соседями визуализированы с помощью программного обеспечения Gephi, позволяющего получить четкое представление о географии браков мрковичей, плотности и направлениях их брачных связей. После рассмотрения частных случаев каждого из четырех сел предлагаются некоторые обобщения о динамике брачных контактов и специфике возникновения этнической и языковой экзогамии у мрковичей. В заключении сделана попытка использовать результаты, получение при анализе брачной географии мрковичей, для реконструкции общей картины славянско-албанского взаимодействия в условиях пограничья. Данные о брачных связях современных семейств в общности Мрковичи, сохраняющих свою «племенную» идентичность и память о нескольких поколениях предков, дополняют и уточняют сведения о миграционных процессах и этноязыковой ситуации прошлого на юге Черногории. Эти данные также расширяют представление о гетерогенности самого племени: дистрибуция брачных связей показывает, что, с одной стороны, племенная территория состоит из нескольких «брачных зон», соотносящихся с расселением старожильческого и пришлого населения и, с другой стороны, направления брачных контактов отображают развитие межэтнических связей мрковичей с соседними регионами.
The article describes an approach to the organisation of a virtual laboratory practicum for research in the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) field. Such an approach may be useful in implementing a part of the educational process in a distant mode. The laboratory setting simulation method based on LabVIEW software was used to solve the research tasks. It is advisable to create and implement this integrated educational solution — virtual laboratory practicum — in the educational process of universities that train engineers. It will allow students to have laboratory and practical training to improve specialists’ qualifications and carry out control activities. Using such an environment will allow extension course students, teachers, and trainees to perform assigned tasks without time limit, both in virtual form and in the form of training before working with real equipment. It will also allow students to carry out additional research on their own in the Digital Signal Processing sphere, which will increase their interest.
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