Гигиеническая оценка влияния организации образовательного процесса на физическое развитие школьников г. Москвы Impact of learning environments on the physical development of Moscow schoolchildren: hygiene aspects На здоровье и физическое развитие современных школьников влияют различные факторы, в том числе организация образовательного процесса. В статье представлены данные об особенностях физического развития 1585 подростков в возрасте 15-17 лет из 35 школ г. Москвы: общеобразовательных школ, школ с углубленным изучением отдельных предметов, школ с медико-биологическими классами, школ здоровья. Изучали основные антропометрические показа-тели -длину и массу тела, а также психоэмоциональный статус по шкале явной тревожности для детей (The Children's Form of Manifest Anxiety Scale) и образ жизни с помощью анкетирования. За контрольную приняли группу подростков из общеобразовательных школ. Исследование показало, что среди учащихся школ здоровья статистически значимо больше подростков с нормальным физическим развитием и меньше -с избытком массы тела, чем среди учащихся группы сравнения (p <0,05), в то время как для других групп результаты были статистически незначимы. Были уста-новлены статистически значимые корреляционные связи между гармоничностью физического развития и несколь-кими факторами влияния: дефицитом ночного сна (r = -0,44, p <0,05), продолжительностью работы за компьютером (r = -0,44, p <0,05), психологическим микроклиматом в семье (r = -0,20, p <0,05), кратностью приема пищи (коэффи-циент сопряженности Пирсона -0,41, p <0,01, коэффициент сопряженности Крамера -0,32, p <0,03).Physical development and health of today's schoolchildren are influenced by various factors, including the way the learning process is organized. This article presents data on some aspects of physical development of 1585 teenagers (15 to 17 years old) from 35 Moscow schools, including general education schools, specialized schools, schools with optional advanced courses in biomedical sciences, and health promoting schools. We studied basic anthropometric characteristics of the participants (body height and weight), assessed their psychoemotional status using the Children's Form of Manifest Anxiety Scale and their lifestyle using questionnaire surveys. The control group included teenagers from general education schools. The study showed that the number of teenagers with no abnormalities in their physical development was significantly higher in health promoting school while the number of overweight students there was significantly lower, compared to the controls (p <0.05). For other groups of participants, the results were statistically insignificant. We established statistically significant correlations between well-proportioned physical development and the impacts of night sleep deficit (r= -0.44, p <0.05), time spent working on the computer (r = -0.44, p <0.05), psychological climate in the family (r = -0.20, p <0.05), and meal frequency (Pearson's contingency coefficient was 0.41, with p <0.01, Cramer's contingency coefficient wa...

Information and communication technologies play a significant role in life of children, teenagers and young people as they are massively spread among these age groups. It is a new risk factor that can cause health disorders among oncoming generation. Our research objects were 465 senior schoolchildren living in Moscow and Moscow region and 598 students from Moscow and Arkhangelsk. Our research goal was to study influences exerted by information and communication technologies on health of senior schoolchildren and students; to do that, we applied risk assessment procedures, including hygienic, sociological, instrumental, and statistic techniques, as well as risk assessment itself. The obtained results revealed a negative trend and it was a growing number of young people with overweight and obesity. We determined how and to what extent various frequency of electronic devices being in use influenced deviations in physical development of senior schoolchildren and students (p<0.05): a correlation between body weight and frequency of using a PC (0.60); fat mass and frequency of using a PC (0.67); control over fat mass and frequency of using a PC (-0.62); control over body weight and frequency of using a PC (-0.54); a fat mass fraction and frequency of using a PC (0.58). We detected an average and a high risk of myopia (RR-6.62), disorders and diseases in the neuropsychic sphere (RR-5.60) depending on how frequently young people used a laptop or a PC with an etiologic component being high in these two factors (62.4 % and 21.9 % accordingly). We also detected a cause-and-effect relationship between functional disorders and diseases of the musculoskeletal system (RR-1.20-1.48) and using a PC, laptop or a pad with an attributive risk related to these factors being considerable (21.7 % for using a pad and 11.7 % for using a PC or a laptop). We determined a safe period of time for "overall" use of electronic devices in educational activities and for entertaining; this period should not exceed 3 hours.