Dark brown leaf spot of cereal crops caused by the Bipolaris sorokiniana fungus causes significant crop losses worldwide. To create new resistant varieties, it is necessary to use sources with a high level of resistance. In the laboratory of physiology and biotechnology of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture, the juvenile resistance of the breeding material of spring barley and spring soft wheat of competitive variety testing to dark brown spot was evaluated. The most toxigenic isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana were preliminarily selected for the production of inoculum, which was used to treat horizontally placed seedlings of the studied cereal samples in the 1-2 leaf phase. The development of the disease was assessed on a scale from 0 to 6. The sources of resistance included highly resistant samples, the damage of which did not exceed 2 points. These are samples of spring barley V19-6718, V21-6723, B25-6260, B33-6315, V33-6767, V34-6713, V40-6828, K-91-2, K104-1, S-106, K-134- 3 and spring soft wheat Altaiskaya 75, K-613-2, K-654-1, K-229-9, K-693-2, K-780-1, K-696-7, KSI-10, of interest for selection for fungal diseases.

Сорт яровой мягкой пшеницы Красноярская 12 создан в Красноярском НИИСХ методом внутривидовой гибридизации и последующего индивидуального отбора из гибридной популяции, полученной от скрещивания селекционного образца РГ-5-1 и Лютесценс 325 (Алтайский край). Сорт включен в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений с 2015 года по Восточно-Сибирскому региону. Рекомендован для возделывания в Красноярском и Забайкальском крае, республиках Бурятия, Хакасия, Тыва. Представлены биологические, агрономические, технологические и морфологические признаки нового сорта. Экспериментальную часть работы проводили на опытных полях Красноярского НИИСХ, расположенных в наиболее засушливой части Красноярской лесостепи. Цель исследований – создать сорт пшеницы, сочетающий высокую продуктивность и устойчивость к недостатку влаги. Стандартный сорт для лесостепной зоны Омская 32, для южных районов Омская 33. Разновидность лютесценс. Сорт среднеспелый, вегетационный период 78–94 суток. За три года конкурсного сортоиспытания (2010–2012 гг.) средняя урожайность зерна у нового сорта составила 29,2 ц/га (от 25,5 до 31,2 ц/га), что на 5,8 ц/га выше стандарта Омская 32 и на 5,3 ц/га выше стандарта Омская 33. Сорт Красноярская 12 обладает комплексной устойчивостью к грибным заболеваниям. В условиях Красноярского НИИСХ он проявил устойчивость к бурой ржавчине, пыльной головне, стеблевой ржавчине. По качеству зерна сорт отнесен к ценным пшеницам. Обладает высокой экологической пластичностью. На отдельных сортоучастках Восточной Сибири прибавки урожая за 2013–2017 гг. составили от 2,1 до 7,2 ц/га по сравнению со стандартными сортами. Максимальная урожайность 59,1 ц/га получена в 2014 году в Республике Хакасия.

The oat regenerants with resistance to the Fusarium mycotoxin influence were obtained in vitro on selective media with different concentrations of root rot culture filtrate.

The investigation of light spectrum influence on growth and development of potato single node cuttings was conducted. Regionized cultivars were involved into the study. Apical meristems were used as explants for microplants creation and cultivated on Murashige-Skoog medium with adding. Microplants were exposed to three light treatments: red LEDs, blue LEDs and white luminescent lamps. It was shown, that red light is not suitable for potato single node cuttings cultivation in vitro under light intensity of 45 µmol photons/m2s. Red and blue light increased the rate of cuttings rhisogenesis. The maximum of nodes per plant developed under blue and white light. The influence of genotype on node quantity was detected. Tuleevskiy cultivar had maximum nodes per microplant and considers being the most perspective for micropropagation, Favorit cultivar – minimum. Microtuberization was obtained on the node cultivation medium in the presence of 1 mg/l IAA and 0.04 mg/l kinetine. The minimum weight and number of microtubers were appropriate to the samples cultivated on hormonal medium. The screening of potato tubers and plant cuttings, which had been collected across Krasnoyarsk Territory, for phytopathogenes presence, was conducted. Alternaria and Fusarium genera dominated among detected micromycetes. Isolates of Botrytis, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichothecium genera were recovered.

Winter rye is a traditionally cultivated grain crop that is susceptible to ergot, a serious disease of the Poaceae family, caused by C. purpurea. Along with agrotechnical, organizational, and economic methods, biological control of ergot in grain crops is one of the ways to combat this disease. To isolate C. purpurea hyperparasites in a pure culture, the optimal sterilization options were selected, which were to exclude the infection of ergot sclerotia with saprophytic microflora. Before sterilization, C. purpurea were additionally washed in the running water with the addition of SAS for an hour. 70% and 96% ethanol, bleaching agent “Belizna” (Whiteness) were used as sterilizing agents. The exposure time varied from 1 to 12 minutes. Sclerotia were cultivated on potato sucrose agar at 24 ° C. The options for sterilizing sclerotia for 10 and 12 minutes in the “Belizna” bleaching agent were recognized as the best.