The rise in gas prices causes them to switch to alternative fuels such as firewood, coal and fuel briquettes. Replacing a gas boiler with a solid fuel does not require much effort and such a solution was economically feasible given the high cost of electricity as well. However, to date, energy pricing has undergone a realignment. So the question remains how to really save energy and money of consumers. The purpose of the article was to analyze the cost of thermal energy during the heating period for individual buildings given the constant change in price and priorities for a particular fuel. Mathematical estimation of heat losses of an individual building was carried out, based on a number of assumptions and generalizations. Thanks to this technique, it is possible to estimate with sufficient accuracy for engineering calculations, consumption of natural gas, solid fuel and electricity to provide energy to the home heating system. As a result of the analysis, a number of features can be outlined. After rising gas prices, individual homeowners have made a sharp switch to solid fuel heating. In 2016, prices for alternative fuels, such as coal and fuel briquettes, were much lower than the price of gas for the population. Therefore, a solid fuel boiler unit was a good solution to the problems of Ukrainians in the fight against energy dependence. In 2020, the situation changed dramatically. The price of solid fuels has risen and it is difficult to find an alternative to gas now, taking into account the ease of operation of the gas boiler, as opposed to solid fuel. The sharp rise in the price of firewood and coal is associated with high demand and a sharp decrease in solid fuel resources. It should also be noted that the problem of ecology in Ukraine will continue to become increasingly important. Therefore, the use of solid fuel sources of heat will have to be consciously refuse in the near future. Application of local infrared heating system will allow to provide local heating of only some residential zones. Also, the installation of a two-zone or three-zone electricity meter and quality regulation of the infrared heating system will save energy.

Comfortable conditions for people to stay in the production room with the use of infrared emitters depend on the uniform distribution of temperatures over the entire area of the irradiation zone. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to determine experimentally the temperature on the irradiation surface with an infrared heater and to summarize the results, for their further use in the design of infrared heaters in various production facilities. The distribution of temperatures on the irradiation surface was determined by the method of experimental studies. To derive the patterns of temperature field distribution on the irradiation surface, the experiment was carried out at variable power of the infrared heater Qheat, W, the height of its installation H, m and different blackness degrees of the floor surface εfloor, which depends on the floor material. The graphical distribution can prove the regularity of that heat in solid materials is distributed due to thermal conductivity – from particles with higher temperatures to less heated. Using mathematical methods of experimental data processing, experimental dependences were approximated to determine the relative temperature of the irradiation surface. The temperature gradient obtained graphically is directed along the normal to the isothermal surface in the direction of increasing temperature. This approach enables considering the development of process in the dynamics and allows the visualization of heating to adjust the basic parameters of process. Scientific results obtained in this work will allow developing a new methodological approach to the study of heating processes on the surface of irradiation by an infrared heater on the basis of a combination of physical and mathematical modeling, which can form an instrumental basis for the target study of such processes of formation of the thermal regime in production facilities. The thermal power of the infrared heater Qheat, W had the greatest influence on the value of the relative temperature of the floor surface tfloor. With constant values of the height of the heater, the blackness degree of the irradiation surface and with increasing the thermal power of the heater twice the value of the relative temperature of the irradiation surface increased by 9.7 %.