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Luminescence intensity of recombinant Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis strains with cloned luxCD(AB)E genes of the natural luminescent microorganism Photobacterium leiognathi was studied under the influence of 30 individual samples of human blood serum of different component composition. A relationship was found between the level of residual bioluminescence and degree of the bactericidal effect. Moreover, the inhibition of E. coli lux+ luminescence was shown to be related to activity of the complement-lysozyme system. The reaction of B. subtilis lux+ primarily depended on the presence of β-lysin in the blood serum. These data provide an experimental substantiation of a new method of differential analysis of humoral factors of nonspecific innate immunity with recombinant luminescent bacteria.

This paper is devoted to the development of valuable new construction materials based on various ecologically burdensome galvanic wastes, namely industrial sludge from the RENAULT plant and metal cleaning glass waste. The only natural component used is local clay. Both of the wastes need significant financial investment and efforts for neutralization and subsequent disposal while they can be recycled into glass-ceramics or red ceramics (tiles, bricks, blocks, etc.). Mechanical properties of the ceramics of various compositions are as follows: flexion resistances are 4.8-9.2, 7.6-11.5 and 11.1-14.9 MPa (after calcination at 800°C, 850°C and 900°C, respectively); the dilatation coefficient values are normally 6.6 to 9.5% (up to 10% for certain materials); the water absorption values are between 19.7 and 23.9%. These values meet the Brazilian standards for ceramics production. Physicochemical interactions of initial components and new materials structure formation processes have been studied. The XRD data show the formation of new minerals in the process of baking: Na-Anortite (Ca,Na)(Si,Al)4O8, Thenardite Na2SO4, Mullite Al6Si2O13, Tamarugite NaAl (SO4)2 6H2O. Only two minerals are identified both before and after baking: Quartz SiO2 and Hematite Fe2O3. High X-ray background clearly visible on the XRD-pattern is an evidence of a highly amorphous glassy structure resulting from founding processes during the mixtures heating. The SEM and EDS studies of the ceramics strongly confirm the XRD results demonstrating fields of almost glassy morphology within the new material. These new-crystalline and new-amorphous structures can explain all the mechanical and chemical properties of the ceramic materials developed. Leaching and solubility studies of the new ceramics with Atom Absorption Analysis demonstrate that a great excess of heavy metals (Sn, Zn and Ni) from the industrial wastes is decreased in the baked ceramics achieving levels that meet Brazilian sanitary standards.

Introduction: in the article the estimation of new ecological safety biopositive polymer-mineral composite (BPMC) building materials obtained with the use of technogenic wastes is considered. This approach is one of the ways to solve the problem of improving the environmental safety of the environment. Materials and methods: BMPC environmental safety studies were performed using microstructural, X-ray and elemental analysis methods, studying physical and mechanical properties and fire safety. Man-caused wastes inventory and classificational ecological assessment by the lif e cycle was carried out. Results: the conformity of the Baikal region man-caused wastes (such as fly ash from heat-power engineering, aluminosilicate microspheres, isolated from bottom ash wastes, marble dust (microcalcite), industrial waste of polyvinylchloride (PVC), as well as small-sized mica waste in the form of vermiculite) to the basic characteristics that allow to use this wastes in the production of BMPC-products by extrusion as fillers. The man-caused wastes ecological utilization mechanism was developed. Composition of composite materials, in which industrial PVC waste is used as the matrix, and fly ash, ash microspheres, marble dust and vermiculite as fillers, were developed. The proposed technology for the production of BPMC products allows the use of technogenic wastes in a wide range in the composition from 20 to 60 %. The new biopozitive polymer-mineral composite products properties were studied. Conclusions: the conducted studies of the composition and properties of samples obtained using different types of manmade waste in the polymer-mineral composites production proved that the production of BPMC products ensures the building materials and environmental safety through the reliable and durable materials production that comply with regulatory requirements. According to the life cycle environmental safety assessment, the waste products obtained on the basis of waste have significant advantages in terms of a technical and environmental characteristics set.