Introduction. Acetabular arthroplasty in patients with the abnormal pelvic bone anatomy is a challenging task. In recent years the method of 3D modelling and printing of custom acetabular components is widely used at acetabular arthroplasty in patients with marked bone defects.Purpose of study: to evaluate the accuracy, convenience of the positioning and efficacy of the primary stabilization of custom acetabular components in patients with bone defects at primary and revision hip arthroplasty. Patients and methods. Eighteen surgical interventions using 3D modelling and printing, i.e. 12 for hip instability, 6 — for posttraumatic coxarthrosis were performed. The study included 9 women and 9 men with mean age 60.9±15.8 years. By Paprosky classification in 2 cases the defects corresponded to Type I, in1 case — Type IIA, in 4 cases — Type IIB (posttraumatic coxarthrosis), in 2 cases — Type IIIA, in 10 — Type IIIB out of them 2 cases with pelvic bone separation. Custom components were produced using the method of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). The whole technologic process took from 4 to 8 weeks and was conducted jointly with the engineers. Results. Exact match of implant form and the defect was observed in 89.9% of cases. In 2 patients with pelvic bone separation additional correction of bone structures was required when placing the acetabular component. In radiograph from 2 to 8 months after surgery the constructions were stable.Conclusion. 3D technology for the custom-made acetabular components is a method of resolving the problem in patients with marked acetabular defects. It enables to plan the surgery, simplifies the choice for screws positioning avoiding their interference. The design features of the implant are three rigid flanges with screw holes that create additional contact with intact parts of the ischial, iliac and pubic bones. Screw fixation ensures initial rigid stability until the biological fixation is achieved.

Цель: разработать и предложить оригинальный метод лечения костно-хрящевых дефектов гиалинового хряща на примере коленного сустава. Материалы и методы: проспективное исследование проводилось на экспериментальных животных (овцы) в количестве 30 особей, возраст которых составил от 1 года до 3.5 лет, вес от 18 до 28 кг. Все особи разделены на 3 репрезентативные группы по 10 особей в зависимости от метода восполнения дефекта сустава. Во всех группах выполнялся полнослойный дефект гиалинового хряща с захватом поверхностной части субхондральной кости диаметром 4.5 мм по внутренней поверхности мыщелка бедра, несущей нагрузку и замещался различными способами. Выделенные костно-хрящевые фрагменты исследовали визуально, оценивая характер краёв дефекта суставного хряща, состояние его кровенаполнения, глубину дефекта, степень закрытия дефекта формирующимся фибрознохрящевым слоем. Область дефекта субхондральной пластинки изучали морфологически с использованием световой микроскопии. Результаты: результаты в группе без замещения дефекта сопоставимы с аналогичными исследованиями других авторов, что свидетельствует о невозможности организма самостоятельно восполнить имеющийся костнохрящевой дефект. Наилучшие результаты показаны в третьей группе, где костно-хрящевой дефект практически полностью заместился макроскопически, а микроскопически удалось проследить архитектонику новообразованной гиалиновоподобной ткани, что свидетельствует о хороших ранних результатах применения описываемой методики. Выводы: Предложенный оригинальный метод лечения костно-хрящевых дефектов коленного сустава позволил получить хорошие результат в ранние сроки. Необходимо дальнейшее наблюдение за поведением регенерата во всех экспериментальных группах.Ключевые слова: костно-хрящевой дефект, мембрана для регенерации, эксперимент Для цитирования: Айрапетов Г.А., Загородний Н.В., Воротников А.А. Экспериментальный метод замещения костно-хрящевых дефектов суставов (ранние результаты).

Damage to periarticular soft tissues is a common pathology that causes severe pain and impaired function of the musculoskeletal system. Aim. To determine the frequency, nature and clinical features of damage to periarticular soft tissues in real clinical practice, as well as the effectiveness of non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the debut of treatment of this pathology. Materials and methods. During the observational study, the frequency of defeat of the periarticular soft tissues in the structure of visits to 68 outpatient orthopedic surgeons in different cities of Russia for 1 month was estimated. Assessed the nature and dynamics of clinical manifestations during treatment in 1227 patients with defeat of the periarticular soft tissues. NSAIDs, mainly the original meloxicam, were used as a “first line” treatment for damage of the periarticular soft tissues. The results of treatment were evaluated after 10-14 days at a repeat visit of patients. Results. The proportion of patients with damage of the periarticular soft tissues was 15.8% of the total number of people who applied for outpatient care. Among 1227 patients (men 57.5%, average age 51.3±15.5 years) who were observed in the dynamics, prevailed were those with damage of the periarticular soft tissues of the knee joint area (knee joint enthesopathy, prepatellar bursitis, tendonitis/ bursitis of the goose foot area) - 21.2%, feet (plantar fasciitis, calcaneal spur) - 16.9%, shoulder (tendonitis of the muscles of the shoulder rotators) - 16.4% and the elbow (lateral and medial epicondylitis) - 15.3%. During treatment, there was a significant decrease in the total severity of pain - from 6.58±1.61 to 2.48±1.60 points on an 11-point numerical rating scale (p

The incidence of knee osteoarthritis tends to increase every year and constitutes more than 83% of overall OA morbidity. Moreover, the OA morbidity among younger patients is also increasing. However, currently available treatment methods do not provide quite satisfactory outcomes.Purpose of the study – to evaluate safety and efficacy of intraarticular introduction of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction for treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Material and methods. By the moment of writing the present report, 28 patients were included into the study. All patients underwent tumescent liposuction under local anesthesia. The stromal vascular fraction was isolated from lipoaspirate within 1,5 hours after harvesting and subsequently injected into the articular cavity. Follow-up period was 6 months after injections. The authors report on efficacy data of 10 patients who completed the study according to protocol and safety data of all 28 patients. Efficacy was evaluated basing on laboratory assessments and patient’s subjective assessment by validated questionnaires.Results. Neither adverse reactions no adverse events were observed. Significant decrease of pain severity by VAS was noted in one week after injection and pain score continued decreasing during the whole follow up period. The increase of KOOS score was noted starting on the fifth week after injection. KSS part 1 score increased in 8 weeks, KSS part 2 score — in 6 months after injection. Physical health, assessed with SF-36 questionnaire significantly improved in 2 and 6 months after the procedure. There was a clear trend towards improvement of mental health.Conclusion. Preliminary results of clinical study suggest intraarticular injection of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction to be a safe and efficient method of the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Асептический некроз костей представляет собой тяжелое заболевание, которое при раннем выявлении и адекватной терапии может быть излечено. Поздняя диагностика и отсутствие терапии приводят к быстрому разрушению сустава и инвалидности пациента. Предлагаемый проект рекомендаций является частью Национальных клинических рекомендаций «Асептический некроз костей (остеонекроз)», обосновывающих создание алгоритма диагностики и лечения асептического некроза костей на основе оценки уровня доказательности литературных данных. В клинических рекомендациях отражены аспекты клинического, инструментального и лабораторного обследования пациентов с остеонекрозом, варианты лечения в зависимости от локализации процесса и стадии заболевания. Ключевые слова: остеонекроз, асептический некроз, клинические рекомендации, асептический некроз головки бедренной кости Для цитирования: