The article deals with the functions of documentonyms-abbreviations often used in the German language of economics and management. As a component of the peripheral onomastic zone, documentonyms- abbreviations form their own onomastic field and perform a number of important functions. Among them are the functions common to onyms in general, such as the address function and the function of an ethno-linguistic sign. Documentonyms-abbreviations indirectly perform a social function, because they indicate that these documents are aimed at meeting the needs of society in general and individual members of society in particular. Among the functions abbreviations perform in general is the function of compression, individualization and concretization, which is connected with the use of truncations, syllables and full words in the abbreviation, making it more recognizable; the pragmatic function and/ or the function of facilitating communication by replacing the original full prototype; dictionary enrichment function realizing their derivational potential, and the text-linking function. The specific functions of documentonyms-abbreviations are singled out. They include the function of identifying its correlation with certain management macrofields; the function of a marker that refers a document to one of the types of administrative documents; the function of an onomasiological feature or basis, depending on the position of the abbreviation in the composite created with the abbreviation-documentonym or on the position of the component in the abbreviation; the function of the top of lexical word-formation nests. The specifics of abbreviations-documentonyms are in the lack of the function of stylistic reduction, and the advertising function characteristic of other types of onyms, pragmatonyms and ergonyms, for example.

The article offers options for the classification of abbreviations-documentary names on the basis of various characteristics. The following can be selected as the classification criteria: the number of components in an abbreviation, which affects its derivational potential; the structure of the abbreviation, i.e. the division of abbreviations into initial, syllabic and combined; the types of documents, for example: laws, regulations, agreements, et.; the classification on a thematic basis, i.e. in relation to the sphere of management and economics. This classification is mainly based on truncated components, which are more informative than initials. Among document names there are abbreviations consisting of purely German components and abbreviations that are borrowings or consisting of a combination of autochthonous and borrowed components. It is possible to classify documentary abbreviations by the presence of borrowings in their composition. The main attention in the article is paid to the classification by their place in the internal onomastic field. The names of documents used in the common European space and the names of documents with a narrower scope of distribution (Germany as a whole or in specific federal lands) are distinguished, which determines their entry into the nuclear or peripheral zone of the onomastic space. The presence of other onyms in the documentary names, among which toponyms, that characterize the effect of specific legal documents in a certain territory, occupy a special place. It is concluded that abbreviated document names represent a certain field of onomastics, the core of which are global document names, and that they represent a certain system, and not a simple set of abbreviated onyms.

АннотацияЦель настоящей работы -анализ структурных моделей немецких аббревиатур-документонимов, среди которых преобладают комбинированные аббревиатуры. Процедура и методы. Осуществлена систематизация эмпирического материала по теме исследования с применением описательного метода; использован метод структурного моделирования с учётом частеречного наполнения моделей; при отборе материала применён метод сплошной выборки. Результаты. Делается вывод о том, что среди моделей в структурном плане преобладают комбинированные аббревиатуры; модель аббревиатуры не зависит от модели сворачиваемого в неё документонима. С точки зрения частеречного состава среди аббревиатур преобладают сокращения, составленные из существительных. Особенностью немецких аббревиатур-документонимов является расположение обязательного компонента аббревиатуры или её ономасиологического базиса в постпозиции. Теоретическая и практическая значимость работы состоит в разработке методов классификации моделей немецких аббревиатур-документонимов с учётом таких параметров, как структура, ономасиологические категории и частеречное наполнение. 1