The desC gene for the acyl-lipid Delta9-desaturase from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus was introduced into Nicotiana tabacum under control of the 35S promoter. Expression of the desaturase was confirmed by Western blotting. Lipid analysis revealed that lipid content and the extent of fatty acid unsaturation significantly increased in leaves of transgenic plants. Chilling tolerance of those plants also increased, as estimated by the electrolyte leakage from the tissues damaged by cold treatments. Seeds of plants that expressed the desC gene imbibed at low temperatures demonstrated higher chilling tolerance than those of the control plants. The results demonstrate that the cyanobacterial thermophilic acyl-lipid desaturase was efficiently expressed in tobacco at ambient temperatures, and its expression resulted in the enhanced chilling tolerance of the transgenic plants.

Tobacco plants with the introduced desC gene for acyl-lipid ∆ 9-desaturase from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus were cultivated on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium supplemented with ferulic acid and antibiotics at 22 ° C and a 16-h photoperiod. Control plants were transformed with an empty pGA482 vector. The analysis of fatty acids (FAs) showed that, in transgenic plants, the level of 16:0 and 18:0 FAs decreased substantially, whereas the levels of di-and trienoic FAs increased. Transformed plants were more cold-tolerant. The tolerance to chilling was evaluated from electrolyte leakage from tissues damaged by cold treatments and from the accumulation of a product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde. It was concluded that acyl-lipid ∆ 9-desaturase was actively expressed in transgenic tobacco plants and converted stearic acid into oleic acid, thus producing a substrate for further synthesis of di-and trienoic FAs. An increased proportion of polyunsaturated FAs in membrane lipids resulted in improved tobacco plant tolerance to chilling.

The relevance of the problem of socio-cultural environment in the management of the development of teachers’ multicultural competence involves strengthening the integrative and cultural status of the subjects of the educational process. The purpose of the study is to cover the specific features of the socio-cultural environment in the management of the development of teachers’ multicultural competence. To achieve this purpose, a set of modern general scientific approaches (personal, axiological, systemic, activity, synergetic, and competence-based) and methods (theoretical methods – analysis, synthesis, generalisation, comparison, empirical methods-observation, ranking) were used to help clarify the specific features of socio-cultural environment in the management of the teachers’ multicultural competence development. Based on the theoretical and methodological analysis of the research problem, it is determined that the multicultural competence development is a process that is consciously organised and managed, and the process of managing the development of future teachers’ multicultural competence is relevant and understudied. It was also noted that multiculturalism constitutes an important condition for sustainable social development and ensures the integration of each person into the world cultural and educational space, and multicultural competence of teachers is the result of multicultural education. The specific features of the socio-cultural environment are considered as a specific social space of the educational institution, which is described by coexistence and interaction of different and equal cultures, communication of many ethnic groups, simultaneous study and use of different languages, traditions, folk customs, and more. It is emphasised that the socio-cultural environment contributes to the growth of cultural values of each subject of the educational process of a modern school

The relevance of the issues regarding information and communication technologies as components of effective training forms for higher education applicants is determined by the need to introduce information and communication applications into the educational process. Accordingly, the purpose of the article is to provide theoretical justification and experimental verification of the impact that information and communication technologies have on improving the higher education quality for applicants. To achieve this purpose, a complex of modern general scientific methods was used: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalisation, comparison); empirical (questionnaires, conversations, interviews, observations, expert assessment); statistical research methods that facilitated the study of scientific sources on information and communication technologies. Based on the theoretical and methodological analysis of the studied issue, it is determined that information and communication technology is a means of joint activity for a teacher and a higher education applicant, which is characterised, primarily, by the consistency of actions (algorithmicity), constant and systematic evaluation of educational achievements and the development of educational qualities (diagnostics), the relationship of the main technology elements, namely the purpose, content, forms, methods, means of interaction, and the results (consistency) of participants in the educational process. It was discovered that to present the material more interestingly and motivate applicants for higher education, it is necessary to use innovative teaching forms and methods, one of which is information and communication applications that contribute to enhanced logical thinking, cognitive activity, the creativity of students and the comprehensive personality development of the future pedagogical specialist. It is proved that these applications contribute to the easier assimilation of new educational material, the creative performance of practical tasks, and productive cooperation between teachers and applicants for higher education. The practical value of the research lies in the fact that the results obtained can be used in further studies on the influence of information and communication technologies on the communication of the educational process subjects

В сборнике напечатаны материалы Всероссийской конференции «Химия нитросоединений и родственных азоткислородных систем» (АКС-2019), посвященной 110-летию со дня рождения выдающегося химика-органика, членакорреспондента АН СССР Сергея Сергеевича Новикова. Конференция проходила в Институте органической химии им. Н.Д. Зелинского Российской академии наук с 23 по 25 октября 2019 года. Ключевые слова: высокоэнергетические материалы, органический синтез, нитросоединения, биологически активные вещества, физико-химические свойства.