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The paper presents the results of the instrumental microfocus fluoroscopic analysis of the assessment of the quality of the nuts of some species of Rosa (rosehip) introduced into the Peter the Great Botanical Garden of BIN RAS. In the conditions of the Botanical Garden, all kinds of wild roses form fruits and tie nuts, the latter are not always fulfilled and full-grain (most often they correspond to classes I, II and III). The highest fulfillment of nuts in R. spinosissima is about 75% and R. rugosa is about 60%. At the same time, the wrinkled R. rugosa has less than empty seedsabout 2%, and the R. spinosissima has about 20% multi-grain. In other species of wild rose, the proportion of seeds of I and II classes is high-from 60 to 85%. The main pest damaging the seeds has been identified: the long-tailed rosehip Megastigmus aculeatus. Agrochemical, chemical and biological methods of care for collection plants that reduce pests and diseases are given.