We determined the bone mineral density (BMD) of normal Ukrainian female subjects and compared results with USA-European reference data. The research was conducted at the Ukrainian Scientific-Medical Centre for the Problems of Osteoporosis and included 353 women aged 20-79 years. Conventional BMD measurements of the spine (L1-L4 in the anterior-posterior position), proximal femur (neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanter regions), and radial shaft (33% site) were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using a densitometer Prodigy. Age-related changes in BMD were similar in form to those of USA-European reference data. We found that the BMD values of spine for Ukrainian women of 50-59 years were lower than published values. Regression analyses showed that weight was a significant predictor of female spine and femur BMD for both the premenopausal and the postmenopausal decades. Age was a significant predictor of female spine BMD in the 50- to 79-year age group. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia for Ukrainian women was 11% at the femoral neck and 20% and 24% at the spine and radial shaft, respectively.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease and a frequent cause of secondary osteoporosis induced by the chronic inflammatory conditions and a long-term glucocorticoid therapy (GC). Patients with RA have a greater risk of osteoporosis and low-energy fractures than a general population [1]. Bone disorders are main extra-articular complications of rheumatoid arthritis [2]. According to our previous data, osteoporosis in women with RA aged 50-59 years was observed in 25.6% patients at lumbar spine; in 30.8% cases at the femoral neck and 33.4% -at total radius [3].Glucocorticoid therapy is usually associated with increased fracture risk that cannot be fully explained by decreased Bone Mineral Density (BMD); this may be a consequence of alterations in the micro-architectural properties of bone. Other well known risk factors of systemic osteoporosis at RA are age, duration of postmenopausal period in women, low body mass index, reduced physical activity and duration of disease [4][5][6]. The TBS L 1 -L 4 is a new method which can be measured by DXA, and correlates with parameters of bone micro architecture [7,8]. According some literature data the combining TBS index with BMD is important in complex assessment of bone status. However, there are insufficient data about combination of BMD and TBS in bone assessment in women with RA.

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Таблица 2. Показатели 10-летнего риска переломов согласно FRAX в зависимости от использования различных национальных программ Примечания: А-10-летний риск основных остеопоротических переломов; В-10-летний риск переломов бедренной кости. Рисунок 4. Показатель качества трабекулярной костной ткани у мужчин в зависимости от МПКТ

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