The relative abundance of two main Abeta-peptide types with different lengths, Aβ40 and Aβ42, determines the severity of the Alzheimer’s disease progression. However, the factors responsible for different behavior patterns of these peptides in the amyloidogenesis process remain unknown. In this comprehensive study, new evidence on Aβ40 and Aβ42 amyloid polymorphism was obtained using a wide range of experimental approaches, including custom-designed approaches. We have for the first time determined the number of modes of thioflavin T (ThT) binding to Aβ40 and Aβ42 fibrils and their binding parameters using a specially developed approach based on the use of equilibrium microdialysis, which makes it possible to distinguish between the concentration of the injected dye and the concentration of dye bound to fibrils. The binding sites of one of these modes located at the junction of adjacent fibrillar filaments were predicted by molecular modeling techniques. We assumed that the sites of the additional mode of ThT-Aβ42 amyloid binding observed experimentally (which are not found in the case of Aβ40 fibrils) are localized in amyloid clots, and the number of these sites could be used for estimation of the level of fiber clustering. We have shown the high tendency of Aβ42 fibers to form large clots compared to Aβ40 fibrils. It is probable that this largely determines the high resistance of Aβ42 amyloids to destabilizing effects (denaturants, ionic detergents, ultrasonication) and their explicit cytotoxic effect, which we have shown. Remarkably, cross-seeding of Aβ40 fibrillogenesis using the preformed Aβ42 fibrils changes the morphology and increases the stability and cytotoxicity of Aβ40 fibrils. The differences in the tendency to cluster and resistance to external factors of Aβ40 and Aβ42 fibrils revealed here may be related to the distinct role they play in the deposition of amyloids and, therefore, differences in pathogenicity in Alzheimer’s disease.

The article examines the compliance of the technical and economic conditions of the Russian regions with the total digitalization process. As a research methodology, the authors used their own approach, based on carrying out an interval analytical grouping on a multidimensional average. 17 indicators were selected to calculate the multidimensional average. The indicators characterise technical and economic conditions for digitalization. Using the correlation analysis, the authors developed a mechanism to emit «noise» factors, i.e. factors which do not impact the general tendencies. The results of the analysis show the absence of a clear relationship between the level of socio-economic development and readiness for digitalization in the lower groups of regions. There is no clearly defined geographical dependence. Meanwhile, the City of Moscow and Moscow region are considered to be the leading regions. In the group with an average integral indicator, there appeared regions, which were the first to start switching to digital content. The main problem of digitalization is the lack of financial resources. In this connection, it is determined that the most effective way to finance digitalization is a public-private partnership.Тихонова А. В. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, Департамент податкової політики і митно-тарифного регулювання, Фінансовий університет, доцент кафедра статистики і економетрики, РДАУ-МСГА ім. К. А. Тімірязєва, Москва, Російська Федерація Мельникова Н. П. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, професор, Департамент податкової політики і митно-тарифного регулювання, Фінансовий університет, Москва Російська Федерація Вишневська Н. Г. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, Департамент податкової політики і митно-тарифного регулювання, Фінансовий університет, Москва, Російська Федерація Готовність регіонів Росії до цифровізації економіки Анотація. У статті досліджуються питання відповідності техніко-економічних умов регіонів Росії до тотального процесу цифровізації. Для проведення дослідження автори статті використали власний підхід, в основу якого покладено метод інтервального аналітичного групування за середньою багатовимірною Для розрахунку середньої багатовимірної було відібрано 17 показників, що визначають наявність технічних і економічних умов для цифровізації. Шляхом використання кореляційного аналізу було розроблено механізм викиду «шумових» факторів. Результати проведеного аналізу свідчать про відсутність чіткої залежності між рівнем соціально-економічного розвитку й готовністю до цифровізації в нижчих групах регіонів. Не було виявлено й чітко-вираженої географічної залежності. У якості лідера тут можна виокремити м. Москва й Московську область. До групи із середнім інтегральним показником входять регіони, які одним із перших почали переходити на цифровий контент. На думку авторів дослідження, основною проблемою цифровізації є брак фінансових ресурсів. У зв'язку із цим було визначено, що найбільш ефективним способом цифровізації є державноприватне партнерство. Ключові слова: цифрова економіка; цифро...

The article is concerned with the problem of cross-cultural training of psychologists. The author analyses various approaches to the definition and development of intercultural competence and highlights professional and ethical problems of psychological activity related to cultural competence/incompetence of specialists. Particular attention is paid to the specifics in training psychologists for cross-cultural counselling, the experience of organising psychological work in a multi-cultural environment, using the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), as well as some important aspects in how psychologists develop and manifest intercultural competence during ethnopsychological field studies. An analysis of the accumulated practical experience in a multicultural environment made it possible to identify the conditions for the successful development of cross-cultural competence, setting the psychologist’s value foundations and motivational readiness to communicate with people of other cultures. These conditions include: (1) a humanistic approach in psychology; (2) a subjectsubject approach to communication; (3) formation of scientific and professional thinking; (4) purposeful development of such mechanisms of understanding other people as decentration and reflection; and (5) mastering of conflict-resolution and group-work technologies. In this regard, the author concludes that the development of intercultural competence in the domestic psychologists’ training system requires not only a detailed discussion of ethical issues related to the psychologist’s activities or specifics of cross-cultural communication within the studied disciplines, but also the introduction of special cross-cultural communication development programmes and trainings in intercultural competence and cultural sensitivity. The cross-cultural training of psychologists can be based on the working model of ethnocultural competence proposed by T.G. Stefanenko. It is emphasized that the development of intercultural competence should involve not only an individual person but the entire professional community through research and open discussion of the current state of cross-cultural competence of psychologists as well as the entire complex of ethical issues.

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The article examines the socio-economic, socio-cultural and epistemological reasons of actualization of research interest to the humanitarian aspects of health and well-being. It analyzes the main theoretical models of psychological health arising from the recognition of the determining influence of social factors and the importance of cultural determinants in the analysis of the humanitarian aspects of health; particular attention is paid to the modern status of a special area of knowledge of health psychology. There are three main levels of factors affecting psychological health and subjective well-being: 1) macro, which includes a number of objective and subjective indicators (the level of economic development of the region, and subjective economic well-being of the population; the level of social protection of the population  and  its  subjective  evaluation,  etc.);  2) social-psychological,  among  which the structural and dynamic features of social networks, the stylistic characteristics of the communication opportunities of social support; 3) the personality, including resilience, the nature of self, dominant emotional state, the characteristics of personal and social identity. It is emphasized that although among the criteria of psychological health of particular importance is the degree of integration of the personality and its focus  on  self-development,  the  nature  of  psychological  health  is  closely  linked to socio-psychological   aspects   of   human   existence:   a   harmonious   integration in the society, successful socialization, the presence of strong social ties and social support are integral to psychological health.