This paper examines the influence of non-traditional raw materials of plant origin on the formation of consumer properties of functional butter cookies. It considers the biological value and balance of wheat and spelt flour. It scientifically proves that the lysine content (the most deficient essential amino acid) is significantly higher in spelt flour than in wheat flour. The analysis of organoleptic and physicochemical properties provided a basis for determination and scientific substantiation of the composition of butter cookies. It is found that it is technologically possible to use 40% of spelt flour of the total flour weight and 4% of barley malt extract. This dosage ensures high consumer properties of the products. It was proved that cookies with spelt flour and barley malt extract have higher quality characteristics during the entire shelf-life, as compared to the control samples. It was found that new potentially healthy ingredients of plant origin can enrich butter cookies with minerals, protein and some essential amino acids, enhancing the nutritional and biological value of the finished products. The results obtained in this paper have practical significance for improving the biscuit baking technology, namely, for enhancing its nutritional and biological value.

The aim was to determine the effective dosages of Levofloxacin, an antibacterial drug new for aquaculture,   for the treatment of bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia in carps and improvement of the physiological state of fish following disease and antibiotic therapy.The methods: the experiments were carried out in aquaculture on juvenile carps infected with a mixed culture of pathogens: highly pathogenic strains of Aeromonas sp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Citrobacter. Three dosages of Levofloxacin were tested: 250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg of ichtyomass with feed for 7 days. After the antibiotic therapy, a course of feeding was carried out with SUB-PRO probiotic at a dose of 0.4 g/kg of feed   for 10 days.Scientific novelty: application of a broad-spectrum antibiotic Levofloxacin, an antibacterial drug new for aquaculture, in fish.The results: positive results were obtained with Levofloxacin, an antibiotic new for aquaculture, in the treatment of bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia. The advantage of the drug is the inhibitory effect on a wide range of bacterial agents and the absence of negative effects on the physiological state of fish. An effective dosage  of Levofloxacin (1,000 mg/kg of ichtyomass for 7 days) was established under experimental conditions. The positive dynamics on the blood parameters of the probiotic drug “SUB-PRO” after the disease and antibiotic therapy was revealed, which provided an increase in the resistance of the fish organism.The practical significance: the findings will be crucial in the development of practical recommendations for  the treatment of bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia of fish in aquaculture.

Introduction. There have been given results of the assessment of quality and safety of hydrobionts exampled by fishes as main objects of amateurish fishing in water bodies of the Central Feddral District of the Russian Federation. Fishery water bodies on this territory are exposed to anthropogenic impacts and lead in the concerning volume of polluted effluent discharge in Russia. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality and safety of hydrobionts on the example of fish - the main objects of amateur fishing in the reservoirs of the Central District of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. Fish catching was carried out in the summer-autumn period in 2013-2017. The volume of the survey sample was about 1500 fishes. The species composition of helminths in 15 fish species from three families Cyprinidae, Percidae and pike (Esocidae)is was determined by parasitological examination. The safety of fish was evaluated using parasitological and toxicological methods. Results. Fish from water bodies of the Lipetsk, Tambov, Belgorod, Bryansk and Tver areas has been ascertained to be facultatively available for human consumption. Clinical signs of the disease were observed in fish infected with metacercariae trematodes (posthodiplostomum and apophallus) in the form of black spots on the body. Among the detected worms, 2 species can be potentially dangerous for warm-blooded animals and humans - Pseudamphistomum truncatum (Trematoda: Opisthorchidae) and Apophallus muehlingi (Trematoda: Heterophyidae). Analysis of fish contamination with heavy metals showed excess of the permissible cadmium content in fish tissues. Conclusion. The conducted research showed the urgency and social significance of studies on monitoring for water objects and the need to implement the preventive work with the population in such a densely populated part of the Russian Federation as the Central Federal District.

The purpose of the research is determination of the species composition of parasites of cyprinid and percoid fish in the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal.Materials and methods. In 2019–2020, parasitological material was collected in the spring, summer and autumn from percoid (the pike perch and European perch) and cyprinid fish (the bream, silver bream, roach, rudd and sabrefish) aged 2 to 7 years from the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal (Ikshinsky, Pestovsky, Pyalovsky and Klyazminsky Reservoirs) by the methods generally accepted in ichthyo-parasitology. To quantify the fish infection rate, we used the incidence or prevalence of infection, the intensity of infection, and the mean amplitude of the intensity of infection. We used Kabiosh index (K) to assess the species diversity of parasites. Results and discussion. The parasitological analysis results of percoids and cyprinids from the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal are presented. 34 parasite species were found in fish, which belong to nine taxonomic groups: Microsporidia, Myxosporea, Monogenea, Cestoda, Trematoda, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, Hirudinea, Crustacea. The largest number of species belongs to trematodes, the rest, taxa (mixo- and microsporidia, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, leeches and parasitic crustaceans), are represented singly. We calculated the species diversity ratio (R) of fish parasites in the reservoirs, which ranged from 0.335 to 0.575, which indicates the fauna similarity from 50 to 75%. The greatest similarity in the parasite fauna was found in the roach (R = 0.168–0.447), the least in the European perch (R = 0.447–1.0). We have identified the dominant species that are found in more than 20% of the studied fish and determine the “core” of the parasitic fauna, which included 4 parasite species of epizootic and 1 parasite species of epidemiological significance.

Results of work have been summarized on use of some morphofunclional indices at fish health control in aquaculture. Their use helps efficiently and intravitally estimate and reject sick specimen having a low immune status. It has been revealed that the most important but labour-intensive indices are hematological ones which can be changeable at deseases of various nature and may be used at appraisal of stress-response. Indices of hemoglobin content, erythrocytes and leukocytes numbers, erythropoeitic activities, leukocytal formula as well as the absolute quantity of different leukocytes groups are informative characteristics for efficient control. The express-method of fish stress aiagnostics has been developed and worked through with application of gluco-and multisticks for estimation of 10 biochemical parameters in mucus and of glucose in blood within 2 or 3 minutes. It has bees shown that the level of a non-specific resistance and adaptive possibilifies of some specimen affect heterogeneity of indices values determined what allows to reveal the part of weakened specimen and to estimate necessity of correcting activities as well as to predict the result of the situation formed with reared fish.