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Using a model of the human SK-Mel-147 melanoma cell line, it was shown that blocking the expression of integrin α3β1 by transduction of cells with α3-specific shRNA did not affect their proliferation, but sharply increased the proportion of SA-β-Gal-positive cells, a phenotypic feature of cell senescence. These findings were accompanied by a significant increase in the activity of the Akt and mTOR protein kinases and the expression of p53 and p21 oncosupressors. Pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 reduced the number SA-β-Gal-positive cells in the SK-Mel-147 cell population depleted of α3β1. Based on our recent data on a non-canonical function of Akt isomers in the regulation of SK-Mel-147 cell senescence caused by deficiency of α2β1 receptor, we investigated the role of Akt isomers in senescence induced by the α3β1 knockdown. It appeared that in the cell population with downregulated α3β1, inhibition of Akt1 reduced the number SA-β-Gal positive cells to the level of control cell population, while inhibition of Akt2 had no visible effect. Our results demonstrate that the laminin-specific integrin α3β1, like the collagen-specific receptor α2β1, is involved in tumor cell protection from senescence, and senescence induced by α3β1 depletion, like that caused by α2β1 deficiency, is based on a signaling mechanism employing a non-canonical function of the Akt1 isoform.

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В обзоре анализируются причины невоспроизводимости эффектов лимфоцитарной РНК в процессах регенерации и иммуногенеза. Подчеркивается необходимость учета изменчивости свойств РНК при изменении функционального режима лимфоцитов в разных фазах регенерационного процесса и иммунного ответа. Рассмотренные в обзоре вопросы имеют решающее значение для разработки нового фармакотерапевтического направления по созданию оригинальных лечебных препаратов на основе органных РНК, не имеющих аллогенного и ксеногенного ограничений. A review of the analysis of the causes of non-reproducibility of the effects of lymphocyte RNA during regeneration and immunogenesis. The necessity to take into account the variability of RNA properties when the functional regimen of lymphocytes varies in different phases of regenerative process and immune response is emphasized.