During oil fields operation, gas is extracted along with oil. In this article it is suggested to use jet pumps for utilization of the associated oil gas, burning of which causes environmental degradation and poses a potential threat to the human body. In order to determine the possibility of simultaneous application of a sucker-rod pump, which is driven by a rocking machine, and a jet pump (ejector) in the oil well, it is necessary to estimate the distribution of pressure along the borehole from the bottomhole to the mouth for two cases: when the well is operated only be the sucker-rod pump and while additional installation of the oil-gas jet pump above its dynamic level. For this purpose, commonly known methods of Poettman-Carpenter and Baksendel were used. In addition, the equations of high-pressure and low-pressure oil-gas jet pumps were obtained for the case, when the working stream of the jet pump is a gas-oil production mixture and the injected stream is a gas from the annulus of the well. The values which are included in the resulting equations are interrelated and can only be found in a certain sequence. Therefore, a special methodology has been developed for the practical usage of these equations in order to calculate the working parameters of a jet pump based on the given independent working parameters of the oil well. Using this methodology, which was implemented in computer programs, many operating parameters were calculated both for the well and for the jet pump itself (pressures, densities of working, injected and mixed flows, flow velocities and other parameters in control sections). According to the results of calculations, graphs were built that indicate a number of regularities during the oil well operation with such a jet pump. The main result of the performed research is a recommendation list on the choice of the oil-gas jet pump location inside the selected oil well and generalization of the principles for choosing the perfect location of such ejectors for other wells. The novelty of the proposed study lays in a systematic approach to rod pump and our patented ejector pump operation in the oil and chrome plating of pump parts. The result of scientific research is a sound method of determining the rational location of the ejector in the oil well and the calculation of its geometry, which will provide a complete selection of petroleum gas released into the annulus of the oil well. To ensure reliable operation of jet and plunger pumps in oil wells, it is proposed to use reinforcement of parts (bushings, plungers, rods, etc.) by electrochemical chromium plating in a flowing electrolyte. This has significantly increased the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the operational surfaces of these parts and, accordingly, the service life of the pumps. Such measures will contribute to oil production intensification from wells and improve the environmental condition of oil fields.

A perspective way of oil wells operation is to use sucker rod pumps, in combination with oil-gas jet pumps. Placing a jet pump above the dynamic level in the well and operating it simultaneously with the sucker rod pumps allows to stabilize the work of the rod pump, avoid fluctuations of the dynamic level and facilitate the rise of the production liquid to the surface due to the reduction of the density of the mixed flow after the jet pump. In order to implement such oil-gas jet pump in oil wells that are operated by sucker rod pumps, it is necessary to determine their operating modes and choose the most effective among them. A methodology for calculating the operation mode of such well was created that allows determining the efficient location of jet pumps in oil wells and their geometry. When developing this methodology two conditions were taken as a main aim: the whole amount of free gas, which enters the casing annulus of the well, must pass through the oil-gas jet pump and to reach the maximum possible decreasing of the string load. For the 753-D oil well in Dolyna Oil Field calculated efficient operation mode shows the possibility to decrease string load by 26%, reduce electricity consumption and, respectively, investments in oil extraction.

This article develops an idea of mechanical recycling of polymer wastes. Unlike previous research studies, which are dedicated to the study of the physical and mechanical properties of fibrous concrete and the technology of its manufacturing, this work considers a specific construction product—laminated concrete column made of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PETF). Currently, there are no policy documents (standards or codes) regarding the engineering design of such constructions. Therefore, the authors’ attention is focused on mechanical and mathematical modeling of the laminated column behavior under operational load. An analytical study of two-layer PETF-concrete column’s stress-strain state was performed, taking into account the contact interaction between inhomogeneous layers of the materials. It has been determined that, in certain circumstances, the contact pressure between the layers can have a significant effect on the load-bearing capacity of the column. In general, a method of engineering assessment of laminated columns’ load-bearing capacity was developed.

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