Great value in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) is given for neuroprotection. When ischemic neuroprotection aims to increase the period of 'therapeutic window' and stop the cascade of pathological reactions. The neuroprotection is defined as the continuous adaptation of the neuron to new functional conditions, as the key to reducing damage to brain tissue caused by ischemia, it acts at the level of the molecular cascade leading to the dysfunction and death of neurons. Special attention is paid to the study of the properties of low molecular weight neuropeptides that penetrate through the hematoencephalitic barrier and exert a multiple effect on the Central nervous system (CNS) even in small concentrations. One of neuropeptide of cytoprotectors, is Cortexin, containing a complex of low molecular weight peptides (with mass from 1 to 10 kDa), which is optimally balanced and close to the metabolism of brain neurons (organotropic) that exert tissue-specific, regulatory and restorative effect on the cerebral cortex. The article presents data on the effectiveness purpose of Cortexin in patients with IS. It is shown that the optimal scheme for the purpose of Cortexin includes: intramuscular administration of Cortexin in the dose of 20 mg (10 mg morning + 10 mg evening) for 10 days, with a repeat the same course within 10 days after the first, since the first 6 h after the onset of stroke symptoms. The observation period is more than 2 months.

Aging is an independent risk factor for the development of many diseases and geriatric syndromes. Osteoarthritis (OA), as the most common joint disease in the elderly, can be attributed to age - associated conditions. And the most significant geriatric syndrome, which dramatically affects the management and prognosis of an elderly, is frailty. The review provides current information on the prevalence of OA and frailty, their clinical and prognostic significance, and also shows the mutually aggravating role of these two conditions. The difference between non - and medication management of patients with OA and frailty is emphasized.

Standardized extracts of undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) are used as alternative approaches to the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). The effect of UC-II extracts is associated with the modulation of the mechanisms of innate and acquired immunity, a decrease in the activity of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins. Epitopes of native collagen in the structure of UC-II contribute to a decrease in the activity of autoimmune reactions that stimulate cartilage degradation. Interacting with discoidin receptors, UC-II accelerates the reconstruction of cartilage connective tissue and inhibits the pro-inflammatory effects of endogenous collagens. Experimental and clinical studies confirm the effectiveness of the use of standardized substances UC-II for acceleration of cartilage regeneration and reduce pain in OA and subclinical joint dysfunction.

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