No abstract

Breastfeeding is known as the only one form of human feeding that formed during the biological evolution. However, when breastfeeding is impossible, the only solution is to use modern adapted milk formulas to nourish infants. One of the most challenging issues is the adaptation of the formula protein quantity and quality to those in breast milk. Reducing the protein content in the adapted formula "Malutka Premium" prevents protein overload of the immature metabolic system of the child. Fats also play an important role in the nutrition of children as they perform two main functions in the body: they serve as structural components of biological cell membranes and energy material. The fatty component of "Malutka Premium" adapted formula is represented by 50% vegetable oils, which provides the required level of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The carbohydrate component of the adapted formula "Malutka Premium1" is represented by lactose; the adapted formula "Malutka Premium 2" also contains dextrinmaltose (30%). Prebiotics oligosaccharides and five most important nucleotides are added to the composition of "Malutka Premium" that enables to normalize the composition of the intestinal microflora and to intensify the digestive processes. Clinical observations of children receiving formulas with oligosaccharides and nucleotides have shown their high efficacy. Children gained weight better and were found as less likely to have functional digestive disorders. Introducing "Malutka premium with the addition of cereals" formulas to the child's diet enables to choose the most appropriate formula taking into account the peculiarities of the child's digestion. Feeding infants with domestic milk formula ensures the balanced intake of all necessary substances required in accordance with the age and allows to parents and paediatricians solve many problems in the nutrition of both healthy children and children with special nutritional needs.

Introduction. Breastfeeding is a natural form of infant nutrition during evolution that determines the optimal formation of baby's health, its physical, mental and intellectual development. The aim of the research. To learn the influence of social, informational and psychological factors on the duration of breastfeeding. Materials and methods. 200 mother-child pairs were examined. Research results. According to the survey, it was found that 86,4 % of children were breastfed in the first month of life. At 6 months, ration contained breast milk approximately 58,5 %, up to 1 year - 29,0 % of the examined children. A children health study, depending on the duration of breastfeeding, showed that healthy children were longer on exceptionally breastfeeding and breastfeeding than those who had any disease during the first year of life. The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding for healthy infants was 3 months and for infants with some disease - 1 month. The breastfeeding support issues in the work of the family doctor, the role of professional advisory help of medical workers for the formation of long and sufficient lactation were discussed. It is established that the use of modern perinatal technologies for pregnancy, childbirth and newborn provides only breastfeeding up to 6 months and optimal breastfeeding. It has found out that the breastfeeding education for mothers, psychological supportive ambience has a positive effect on the duration of breastfeeding and the health of the child. Conclusions. Lactation and breastfeeding is complicated process, but completely controllаble.