In the Sverdlovsk Region, the breeding stock of the black-and-white Ural breed was covered with the seed of servicing bulls of Canadian, Danish and German selection. They are able to show good average daily milk yields throughout lactation, to produce for a long time without a sharp decrease in milk yield, but at the same time, the problem of a decrease in the reproductive ability of cows and, as a consequence, a decrease in the productive longevity of the breeding stock was identified. The purpose of the work is to assess the relationship between the indicators of milk yield of Holsteinized black-and-white cattle of the Ural breed and the service period duration. It has been established that milk yield in first-calf cows increases with an increase in live weight to 600-624 kg, and then slightly decreases (P≥0.05). Calculation of the correlation coefficient between the characteristics of milk yield per lactation and live weight of first-calf heifers showed that it is different and varies depending on the live weight of cows from -0.36 for cows with a live weight of less than 550 kg to 0.28 for animals with a live weight of over 625 kg. There was a low positive relationship of these characteristics in cows with live weight of 575-599 kg. On average for the herd, it is positive and is 0.15. The service period for first-calf heifers ranged from 99 days (live weight 550-574 kg) to 162 days (live weight over 625 kg). Large milk yields were observed in animals with live weight of 575-599 kg and a service period of 138-140 days. A positive high and medium correlation between milk yield and the service period duration was established in groups of cows with live weight up to 550 and 575-624 kg and on average for the herd. It is impossible to draw an unambiguous conclusion about the influence of the service period duration on the quality indicators of milk, with the exception of the indicator service period – mass fraction of protein (MFP), where it was negative regardless of the live weight of cows.

Pig breeding is one of the leading agricultural sectors that ensures the country’s food safety. In this regard, pig breeding must become a highly profitable branch of the agro-industrial complex due to growth of range of production performance indicators. Various feed additives are the reserve for increasing the productivity of the animals. The most popular feed supplements used today are probiotics and phytobiotics. Modern probiotic preparations are a complex (symbiotic additives) consisting of various strains of bacteria with addition of enzymes, prebiotics, chelating elements, amino acids and biologically active components. The article provides data on use of the probiotic preparation “Profort” and the phytobiotic “Intebio” in feeding of sows in farrow and nursing sows. According to the results of scientific and economic experience it was found that feed additives increased the following indicators: prolificacy — by 1.9–2.9%, size of the young piglets — by 10.4–12.3%, number of mature piglets in the litter — by 10.8–11.8%, rate of survival of the young piglets — by 4.0–6.1%, weight of the piglets litter by the moment of weaning — by 18.0–22.2%. The use of the preparations led to decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of liveweight gain and increased revenue obtained from the sale of the young livestock.

Relevance. The paper presents data on the relationship between the linear affiliation of black-and-white cows and their milk productivity, chemical composition and technological properties of milk.Results. According to the results of the conducted studies, it was found that for the first lactation, the descendants of the Montvik Chieftain line (8272.0–95679 kg) were the best in terms of milk productivity, which is 3.3–4.8% more than those of their peers from other lines. The highest fat content in milk was observed in the first heifers of the Annas Adema 30587 line, which differed in lower milk yield, but high fat content in milk. The fat content of milk was 4.99% and was higher than in the milk of cows of other lines by 0.61–0.96%. Among fullaged animals, the greatest milk productivity was observed in the descendants of the Montwick Chieftain 95679 line. In terms of the content of dry matter and fat in milk, cows of the Annas Adema 30587 line outperformed animals of other lines by 0.39–0.51% and 0.42–0.55% respectively. Milk of cows of the Pabst Governor 882933 line contained 0.05–0.08% more protein than milk of other groups.

Relevance. To ensure the profitability of production, it is necessary to use certain schemes for crossing pigs of different breeds. Since the choice of the correct crossing scheme can significantly affect the final result. Crossbred animals, due to the effect of heterosis, are superior in productive qualities to the original maternal and paternal breeds. The paper presents an assessment of the meat qualities of local young pigs obtained as a result of industrial three-breed crossing.Methods. To implement the scientific and economic experience, three groups of sows of pairs-analogues of a large white breed from the company Hypor (KB Hypor) were formed. Sows of the 1st group were crossed with boars of the Landrace breed from PIC (Landrace Pic), the 2nd — with boars of the Landrace breed from Genesus Genetics (Landrace Genesus), the 3rd — with boars of the Landrace breed from Hypor (Landrace Hypor), as a result, two-breed crossbreeds (F1) were obtained. Further, the obtained crossbred sows (F1) of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were crossed with boars of the Duroc breed from Genesus Genetics, as a result, they received commercial young (F2).Results. The highest pre-slaughter live weight was obtained from animals of the 1st group (125.12 kg). This is more than in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, respectively, by 5.8% and 4.0%. Significantly, the highest slaughter weight was in the 1st group (93.51 kg), and the lowest — in the 2nd (87.8 kg). Most of the meat was obtained from animals of the 1st group — 62.85 kg (p ≤ 0.05). This is higher than in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, respectively, by 8.2% and 5.9%.

The Ural type of the domestic Black-and-White mottled breed of cattle features high rates of milk productivity, good suitability for industrial milking technology, but the productive longevity is 2.4–2.6 lactations only, although in the herds there are livestock of cows with a productive longevity up to 10 lactations. The decline in productive longevity is associated with deterioration of reproductive qualities of the cows. In result of the research it was found that the most resistant to long-term use in conditions of dairy complexes for industrial milk production in pedigree reproducing farms were the cows of the Siling Trajun Rokita line. Their productive period was 4.0 lactations. In other lines, the productive longevity ranged from 1.8 (Pabst Governor’s line) to 2.5 (Montvik Chieftain’s line) lactations. A low fertility rate (less than 0.95) indicates the presence of reproduction problems in the herd. The modern Holsteinized black-and-white mottled cattle, bred in Sverdlovsk region, possess high breeding qualities. The potential of their use is quite high and, despite certain problems with reproduction system, they can produce for a long time in the environmental and forage conditions of the breeding zone.