Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis with a cosmopolitan distribution caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato tapeworms. Although Uzbekistan and other countries in Central Asia are considered endemic, estimates of disease burden are lacking. We present data regarding surgically managed cases of CE obtained from Uzbekistan’s national disease surveillance registry. These data are from medical centers in Uzbekistan authorized to treat the disease and reported to the Uzbek Center for Sanitation and Epidemiology from the period 2011 to 2018. Information included data regarding the patient age class (children 14 years or younger), but no data regarding the cyst location. Incidence rates were calculated using data from the national population registry, and the Cuzick nonparametric test for trends was used to test for differences in the incidence over time at the country level and regional levels. A total of 7,309 CE cases were reported. Of these, 857 (11.73%) involved pediatric patients. The mean incidence rates were 4.4 per 100,000 population in 2011 and 2.3 per 100,000 population in 2018 (P = 0.016). One region (Republic of Karalpakistan) showed a nonstatistically significant increase (P = 0.824). All other regions except three showed a statistically significant decrease. We present the decrease in the incidence of surgically treated CE in Uzbekistan from 2011 to 2018. However, the presence of cases involving children suggest ongoing parasite transmission. The absence of clinical information (starting with cyst stage and localization) needs to be addressed to improve the national surveillance system. Field studies are also needed to further explore the epidemiology of CE in the country.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Uzbekistan is endemic for CE, but estimates of disease burden are lacking. We present findings from a cross-sectional, ultrasound-based survey evaluating the prevalence of human CE in the Samarkand region, Uzbekistan. The survey was conducted between September and October 2019 in the Payariq district, Samarkand. Study villages were selected based on sheep breeding and reported human CE. Residents aged 5–90 years were invited to receive a free abdominal ultrasound examination. The WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis classification was used for cyst staging. Information regarding CE diagnosis and treatment was collected. Of 2,057 screened subjects, 498 (24.2%) were male. Twelve (0.58%) had detectable abdominal CE cysts. In total, five active/transitional (N = 1 CE1, N = 1 CE2, N = 3 CE3b) and 10 inactive cysts (N = 8 CE4, N = 2 CE5) were identified. Two participants had cystic lesions with no pathognomonic features of CE and were given a 1-month course of albendazole for diagnostic purposes. Twenty-three additional individuals reported previous surgery for CE in the liver (65.2%), lungs (21.6%), spleen (4.4%), liver and lungs (4.4%), and brain (4.4%). Our findings confirm the presence of CE in the Samarkand region, Uzbekistan. Additional studies are needed to assess the burden of human CE in the country. All patients with a history of CE reported surgery, even though most cysts found during the current study were inactive. Therefore, it appears there is a lack of awareness by the local medical community of the currently accepted stage-specific management of CE.

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Эхинококкоз - бу Марказий Осиё мамлакатлари, шу жумладан, Ўзбекистон учун кенг тарқалган паразитар касаллик. Касаллик кўпинча чорвачилик ривожланган ҳудудларда учрайди. Ўзбекистонда ҳар йили эхинококкоз билан боғлиқ 4000 га яқин оператсия ўтказилади. Касаллик Республиканинг барча ҳудудларида рўйхатга олинган ва консерватив даво ўтказган беморлар сони номаълум. Экинококкозни консерватив даволаш ҳам иқтисодий, ҳам клиник жиҳатдан мақбулдир. Бироқ, ўз вақтида консерватив давонинг асосий муаммоларидан бири бу эхинококкознинг эрта ташхисидир. Бу ҳақиқат жуда сезгир, ферментлар билан боғлиқ иммуносорбент таҳлилини ишлаб чиқиш зарурлигини белгилайди.

Taking into account the high prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Uzbekistan, as well as the tendency of increase in the incidence of this disease over the past 5 years, important and necessary is to determine the species composition of leishmania, as well as their vectors and natural reservoirs. According to the results of molecular-biological diagnostics, carried out in present study, in samples taken from ulcers of patients from Jizzakh region, which previously considered endemic for anthraponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, was detected L.mayor, the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.