Today, the pharmaceutical industry has become an integral part of the health care system. The pharmaceutical industry has been identified as one of the largest and fastest growing industries. This is the main source of job creation and foreign exchange earnings for the country. It was determined that the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market under the influence of state policy contributes to the provision of affordable medicines to consumers, and also ensures fierce competition in the field of production, distribution and consumption between domestic and foreign manufacturers of pharmaceutical products. The conjuncture of the modern pharmaceutical market of Ukraine contributes to the growth of production volumes, the saturation of products among domestic and foreign enterprises, the dynamism of their registration activity, a free increase in the price of pharmaceutical products and medical products, and a decrease in the solvency of the population, which causes the predominant use of generics. The total volume of the pharmaceutical market in monetary and physical terms and the structure of sales of pharmaceutical products in terms of price niches were analysed. It has been determined that the growth rate of the pharmaceutical market, as a rule, exceeds the growth rate of GDP, as a result of which the market is the most attractive for entities from other industries to enter it. It was determined that the low purchasing power of the population and the insufficient level of state procurement of pharmaceutical goods affects the change in the structure of export and import operations in the industry. The main types of competition in the pharmaceutical market are singled out, taking into account the state of the economic state at the Ukrainian market of pharmaceutical products and statistics of its development. The problems faced by the pharmaceutical market and which ultimately affected the pharmaceutical market are outlined. Keywords: pharmaceutical market, pharmaceutical enterprises, pharmaceutical products, economic state.
The article analyzes the current state of production of grain and the main products of its processing. It is determined that the production of grain in Ukraine for the period 2000–2020 years has grown in 2.7 times, significantly increased the volume of grain processing for non-food purposes – in 10.4 times. Indicator of profitability of grain production tends to decline, despite the fact that the average selling price has increased by 10.8 times. The main factors influencing the value of production costs and the level of profitability of grain products were determined. The subject of the research is theoretical-methodological and organizational-economic bases of management of production and sale of grain as well as grain products and creation of value added. The purpose of the article is to analyze the market of grain products, study the factors affecting the profitability of their production, and develop practical recommendations for improving the management of production and marketing of grain and its products in the context of maximizing the value added. The main methods of research – comparison, generalization, analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical. It is established that the gross value added in the sectors of production and processing of grain includes the following main elements: wages with accruals, rent (rent), depreciation charges, interest on capital and profit. The volume and structure of grain products exported as raw materials, as well as products with high value added, are also considered. The main factors influencing the profitability of grain production and processing were investigated. It was proved that the most part of value added is created in the branches processing grain and producing ready products. The necessity to increase the production of grain products with high value added was noted. It is indicated that horizontal and vertical integration between grain producers and processing enterprises is important for obtaining maximum profits from the sale of grain and its processed products. Significant role in formation of added value is played by state regulation of this process. To increase the amount of value added, special attention should also be paid to expanding the range of finished grain products and supply more processed products and finished grain products for export. A general scheme of value added management in the production and also grain processing and the added value formation in the export of these products is proposed. Forecast indicators of grain production and some products of its processing are substantiated.
Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей та деяких аспектів функціонування фармацевтичного ринку України в реаліях сьогодення. Проведено аналіз сучасного стану фармацевтичного ринку, виявлені чинники, які перешкоджають його розвитку. Акцентовано увагу на особливостях збуту фармацевтичних товарів і послуг у період дії воєнного стану на після його завершення. Наголошено на необхідності ухвалення державних цільових програм із підтримки вітчизняних виробників фармацевтичних товарів. Обґрунтовано, що для покращення конкурентоздатності вітчизняних фармацевтичних підприємств необхідно впроваджувати інноваційні продукти, проводити розробку та збільшити виробництво оригінальних ліків. Запропоновані шляхи стимулювання розвитку вітчизняного фармацевтичного виробництва та способи імпортозаміщення лікарських засобів.
ORGANIZATION OF THE MARKET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISESВ статті розглянуто основні елементи системи управління збутовою діяльністю промислових підприємств та організацію їх взаємодії. Наголошено на необхідності формування ефективної збутової політики на кожному підприємстві та визначити власні методологічні засади збутової діяльності. Обґрунтована необхідність застосування системного підходу до організації системи збутової діяльності промислових підприємств для забезпечення максимального задоволення платоспроможного попиту споживачів. Аргументована доцільність проведення конструктивних заходів щодо стимулювання збуту, оптимізації каналів збуту, їх планування і контроль, а також удосконалення логістики як найважливіших елементів системи управління збутовою діяльністю промислових підприємств. Досліджено основні етапи процесу збуту продукції. Запропоновано авторське бачення системи управління збутовою діяльністю промислових підприємств та визначені основні її елементи. Доведено, що для підвищення фінансового стану промислового підприємства необхідно сформувати ефективну маркетингову концепцію в системі управління збутовою діяльністю.The article considers the main elements of the system of management of sales activities of industrial enterprises and the organization of their interaction. The author emphasizes the need to form an effective sales policy at each enterprise and to determine its own methodological principles of sales activities. The experimental method of studying sales activities is noteworthy, which, along with the monographic method, allows verifying in practice the correctness of implementation of the borrowed best practices in own production. The sales policy of an industrial enterprise should provide it with the best competitive position in the market at the optimal cost. The growing level of competition in the modern market requires an enterprise to form its own sales policy, which should take into account the peculiarities of the product offer to the maximum extent possible. The necessity of applying a systematic approach to the organization of the system of sales activities of industrial enterprises to ensure maximum satisfaction of effective consumer demand is substantiated. The expediency of constructive measures to stimulate sales, optimize sales channels, their planning and control, as well as improve logistics as the most important elements of the system of management of sales activities of industrial enterprises is substantiated. It is determined that an important element of the system for managing the sales activities of industrial enterprises is demand forecasting. The main stages of the product sales process are researched. The author's own vision of the system of management of sales activities of industrial enterprises is proposed and its main elements are defined. It has been proved that in order to improve the financial condition of an industrial enterprise, it is necessary to form an effective marketing concept in the system of sales management. Management of sales act...
В статті проаналізовано сучасний стан розвитку та структуру ринку зерна України. Аргументовано обсяги експортних пропозицій зерна та продуктів його переробки вітчизняними виробниками. Означено, що участь нашої країни в глобальних ланцюгах доданої вартості стосовно зернової продукції потребує кращих експортних позицій. Доведена необхідність забезпечення у цьому сегменті ринку збільшення експорту продуктів із високою часткою доданої вартості. Розглянуто умови і фактори, які впливають на формування доданої вартості продукту. Наголошено, що кооперування у сфері виробництва, переробки зерна та реалізації зернопродуктів значно збільшить додану вартість за рахунок покращення логістики та раціонального використання матеріальних ресурсів. Це, в першу чергу, збільшить величину прибутку через зменшення операційних витрат. Розбудова виробничої інфраструктури, у тому числі елеваторів, дасть змогу доводити зерно до вищих кондицій та експортувати його за найкращою ціною у сприятливі для цього періоди. Обгрунтована необхідність прийняття на державному рівні стратегії розвитку вітчизняного ринку зерна щодо участі в глобальних ланцюгах доданої вартості. Це дасть можливість посилити експортні позиції через покращення якості зерна та збільшення експорту продуктів його переробки.The article analyzes the current state of development and structure of the grain market of Ukraine. It is found that our country is increasing grain production every year. In 2021, 86.0 million tons of grain were collected in the state and this is a record for the production of cereals and legumes. The volumes of export offer of grain and products its recycling are reasoned. t was noted that in 2021 were sold on value 12.3 billion US dollars on grain exports, which is almost 100 times more than in 2000. It is indicated that our country's participation in global value added chains in relation to grain products requires the best export positions. The need to ensure in this segment of the market an increase in exports of products with a high share of value added is proven. It has been studied that the processing of grain into flour increases the added value by 55-65%. Compared to the production of raw materials in the processing of grain for compound feed, the added value is doubled, and in the production of bakery products, the added value increases 2.5-2.6 times. The conditions and factors affecting the formation of value added of the product are considered. It is noted that cooperation in the field of grain production, processing and sale of grain products will significantly increase value added by improving logistics and rational use of material resources. This, first of all, will increase the amount of profit due to the decrease in operating costs. The development of production infrastructure, including elevators, will allow bringing grain to higher conditions and exporting it at the best price in favorable periods. In addition, there will be an opportunity to abandon intermediaries who now buy from small producers most of the grain at low prices. Such coop...
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