Analysis of the current state of the problem of preserving female fertility in cancer and reducing ovarian reserve revealed that there are currently several proven methods for young women — cryopreservation of embryos, oocytes and ovarian tissue, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. The promising technologies are cryopreservation of oocytes after in vitro maturation, as well as cryopreservation of embryos derived from oocytes, which were matured in vitro. In vitro maturation of immature oocytes aspirated from primordial follicles allows for the production of many mature oocytes without ovarian stimulation, which makes this technology a potentially effective strategy for preserving fertility. However, the best results can be achieved by combining several methods that must be determined individually in each specific case. Although there was no negative effect of cancer on the results of treatment of oncological obesity in the next generation, long-term observations and studies with a large number of patients are needed. The goal of helping with oncological infertility is not only the preservation of fertility, but the creation of a nationwide system of care for oncological diseases in which interdisciplinary coordination will allow all cancer patients to receive multidisciplinary assistance. The organization and standardization of the treatment of oncological symptoms and the development of modern technologies for preserving the reserve of female fertility outside the body are the urgent tasks of national health care in our country.