The urgency of the issue of grain production as the most important branch of agricultural production is described. Equally important for refined grains has such an indicator of quality of grain as it is damage that at harvest and post-harvest handling especially when grain reaches significant values. Therefore, we evaluated the quality of grain handling of various cultures on the production line of winnowing machine 3AB-40 LLC "Fakel" of Petropavlovsky district of Voronezh region. The results of studies of the 3AB-40 are presented, quality performance of machines are defined that are part of the production line. Nature of changes in the purity of the grain at the output of each machine of production line is considers. Detailed table of the fractional composition of the grain heap of cultures during processing on machines 3AB-40 is presented, in particular the composition of the grain heap entering the post-harvest treatment on the content the whole grain, crushed grain and weeds. A plot of the purity of the grain heap is presented when it is processed. Also the level of injury of seeds separately for each culture, and as it passes through each machine 3AB-40 is detailed. Analyzing numerous studies it was found that post-harvest technology of grain heap and technical resources for its implementation should ensure the allocation of the weeds at a very early stage of processing, biologically inferior grain and most of the injured grain. From above it follows the need to improve this production line in order to increase the purity of grain at the output and reduce its damage. Recommendations for installing in the process line of pre-cleaning machine МПО-50, better air-sieved cleaning machine, for example, ОЗФ-50 and ОЗФ-80. That will provide almost complete separation of light impurities, large impurities and partially puny grain, thereby improving the operation of subsequent machines that will surely affect the purity of the grain at the output of the line.

Studies of many authors show that injury of seeds has a negative effect, both on seeds and food grains. Damage in food grains reduces its trade, technological and baking performances. The main reasons causing injury to the seed, is mechanical action of the working bodies of machines and implements for post-harvest treatment of seeds. In this injury will be greater, the greater the speed of the seeds moving. Analysis of the distribution of injury between the individual elements of the line revealed that about 50 % of all injury of grain (28.3 %) falls on transporting machines. From above it follows that a reduction of injury to the seeds is an important problem, which is caused by the need to solve large yield losses, worsening of seeds storage and decrease in quality of the seed, and it is necessary firstly to investigate the possibility of improving the quality of conveying machines, and in particular , bucket elevators. This is because grain cleaning machines provide improved cleaning quality of grain, and conveying ones- conversely increase its. Taking into account that in cleaning lines usually there are several elevators, the reduction of seed damage by them will substantially improve the quality of the processed material. For this purpose, it is necessary to improve bucket elevators, providing softer mode. In this regard, the work was done to improve the design of the upper head of the elevator to reduce feedback eruption. On this construction patent for utility model number ZA 140052 was received. On the basis of this patent bucket elevator was refitted, in which head was an additional horizontal belt conveyor. Experimental studies have been conducted to identify the degree of feedback. It was found that an additional belt conveyor helps to reduce feedback rash when its speed is higher than the speed of bucket belt.

The results of the study of treatment quality of wheat grain heap in grain cleaning machines ОЗС–50, Petkus U–80–12G, Petkus 12, 3–3,5 and Cimbria Delta 146 in cleaning mode and ОЗФ–80 in fractionation mode are given. For fractionation of grain heap on the machine ОЗФ–80 grading sieve have been established with the holes of 2.6 mm width. In the traditional treatment of grain heap, content of biologically inferior grain decreased in 1.26, crushed grain in 2.3 and contaminants in 1.9 times.

In the study grain pile of winter wheat Bezenchukskaya that came from the harvesting was fractionated using laboratory screening with the installation of sieves with hole sizes intervals of 0.2 mm. For selected fractions weight of 1000 grains, the level of injury, laboratory germination of seeds, vitreous grains and gluten content were determined. Processing the results of studies was performed using the methods of mathematical statistics and statistical software package. The studies found that the laboratory germination increases with the weight of 1000 grains and reduction of injury to corn.

The results of the feasibility studies of allocation scheme of sieves in the screen shoe to improve performance are given. Inves-tigations were carried out in a pilot plant consisting of two-aspiration pneumatic sys-tem and screen shoe with a ball-cleaning of sieves, controlled vibration frequency and location in one tier of up to three sieves with a length of 0.99 m. Permissible unit stress were obtained for grains and sorting sieve for cleaning piles of winter wheat at the mill vibration amplitude of 0.03 m in and a frequency of 350 min-1.