Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a significant social and medical problem of modern healthcare. The treatment of patients with AR is based on a stepwise approach, the purpose of which is to fully control the symptoms. The first stage drugs of choice are oral non-sedative antihistamines of the second generation. A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Allerway and drugs containing cetirizine to control the symptoms of seasonal AR (SAR) in an outpatient practice. The data obtained in the framework of a multicenter prospective noninterventional study (the short name of the study is LEVADA) were analyzed. Data were collected at 5 centers using scales for assessement of the symptoms of allergic rhinitis: rTNSS, miniRQLQ, visual analog scale and the Epworth sleepiness scale. The dynamics of SAR symptoms was assessed using the rTNSS scale (24 hours) after 7 and 14 days of treatment. A total of 100 patients were included in the study; 97 patients completed the study. Of these, 46 (47.42%) were women and 51 (52.57%) were men aged 18 years. The average duration of the diagnosis of SAR in patients before inclusion in the study in the Allerway group was 97.485.51 months (about 8 years), in the cetirizine group 107.0114.62 months (about 8.9 years), p=0.641. The efficacy of regressing the intensity of SAR symptoms on the rTNSS scale was demonstrated to be (average and average error) 2.920.11 points in the group of patients taking Allerway and 2.930.11 points in the group of patients taking cetirizine. After 7 days, there was an increase in the proportion of patients with a complete absence of the main symptoms of SAR: nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, itching in the nose. In the group of patients taking Allerway in 44 out of 49 patients (89.8%), it was noted that on average, after 39.414.35 minutes, symptom relief was observed in 42 of 48 (87.5%) patients, and in patients taking cetirizine, relief of rhinitis symptoms was noted during 44.013.76 minutes. An improvement in the quality of life was noted by reducing the severity of symptoms on the miniRQLQ scale by 44.315.29 points in the Allerway group and by 45.013.03 in the group receiving cetirizine. It was shown that the use of Allerway (at a dose of 5 mg, once a day) and preparations containing cetirizine (at a dose of 10 mg, with a single dose per day), allows to achieve a positive clinical effect in the treatment of patients with SAR (seasonal allergic rhinitis) in outpatient practice within 7 and 14 days with a high level of safety and compliance.

In many countries of the world and in Russia, in particular, the pharmacological use of antagonists of cysteinyl receptors LT1 (CysLTR) is a long-proven and well-proven pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) in adults and children. Among antileukotriene drugs the most commonly used medication for the treatment of these diseases is the original montelukast, which is considered a safe drug associated with the appearance of only a few adverse reactions, usually not differing in type and frequency from those that occur with placebo. Currently, there are a large number of generics of montelukast, therefore, practitioners have many questions regarding the benefits and risks of montelukast therapy for patients with BA and AR. In 2020 FDA (Food and Drug Administration USA) analyzed the risk of adverse events during Montelukast treatment and indicated them on the packaging of the drug (original montelukast and its generics). This contributed to the creation of an expert commission to study this issue and form an expert opinion, which is demonstrated in our publication.

The syndromology of dysfunction of the vocal cords varies widely from the absence of symptoms to mild shortness of breath to acute respiratory disfunction, which can mimic an asthma attack. The treatment of vocal dysfunction and bronchial asthma is different. An early fold diagnosis of vocal dysfunction can prevent improper treatment and, therefore, minimize the rising costs of health care.

Background: Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are currently the fifth leading cause of death in the world. The combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease seems to be a unique disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, pathological and functional factors. Aim: Study of clinical and functional parameters, bacterial spectrum in patients with combination of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases bronchitis and non-bronchitis types. Methods: Clinical and functional examination of 69 patients with obstructive respiratory diseases, of which 49 patients with asthma combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of bronchitis and non-bronchitis types. The microbiological spectrum of nasal pharynx induced by sputum was studied. Results: The following microorganisms were isolated: Staphylococcus (S. aureus, S. epidermidis), Neisseria subflava, Streptococcus (α-haemolyticus, β-haemolyticus), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Branhamella catarrhalis, Enterococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Candida albicans, Aspergillus spp., Actinomyces spp., Cladosporium, Penicillium, and others. Conclusion: A more pronounced quantitative content and a more diverse microbial landscape leads to a more severe course of the disease asthma combined withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease especially of the bronchitis type.