Introduction:Tactic of emergency closing of soft tissue defect allows to significantly improve the treatment results concerning patients with severe open fractures. However, a number of certain factors make the implementation of this tactic rather difficult. Injured people’s unstable conditions are mong these crucial factors which include, polytrauma in lots of cases, absence of exact recommendations for recovery terms, choice of definite tissue flaps and a type of circulation.The Aim of Study:is to develop exact, usable and in practice algorithm of emergency reconstruction of leg soft tissues in patients with severe open tibia fractures, based on the usage of the most foolproof and simple methods.Data (Patients) and Methods:85 patients with open tibia fractures complicated by soft tissue defects were included in our study. Patients were divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 56 patients. Soft tissue reconstruction in this group was provided without an exact algorithm, after continuous attempts on local healing. After analyzing the treatment process and the treatment results we have developed the algorithm of emergency soft tissue reconstruction. It was used in 29 patients (the study group). This algorithm allows choosing optimal timing for tissue reconstruction and appropriate method to be applied, depending on the patient’s condition, the mechanism of soft tissue defect formation, and its square and localization.Results:We observed a statistical decrease in deep wound infection frequency, partial tibia necrosis frequency, chronic osteomyelitis frequency, duration of hospitalization in patients with severe open tibia fractures because of using our algorithm.

Until now the problem of selecting a conservative or operative treatment option for calcaneal fractures and moreover the choice of the most optimal surgical procedure for such lesions have not been solved. Thus, comparative studies in this area is one of the most important tasks of the modern traumatology. Purpose of the study — to compare treatment outcomes, pattern and complications rate following the use of three treatment options for calcaneal fractures. Material and Methods. The authors analyzed treatment outcomes of 95 patients from 2013 till 2016. Mean age of patients was 39.04±12.51 years. Patients were divided into three groups: group 1 consisted of 41 patients with 54 fractures who underwent functional conservative treatment; group 2 consisted of 18 patients with 22 fractures treated by open reduction and plate fixation; group 3 consisted of 36 patients with 40 fractures treated by minimally invasive reduction and intramedullary fixation. Groups did not differ in respect of risk factors rate and rate of surgical risks under ABCDEF scale. Outcomes were evaluated basing on roentgenological criteria of reduction, complications rate and the functional scales FFI (Foot Function Index) and LEFS (Lower Extremity Functional Score). Results. Mean follow up was 20.8±9.0 months. Catamnesis was controlled in 68 out of 95 patients (71.6%). Variances were observed for all criteria of reduction quality between group 1 (no reduction) and groups 2 and 3. Groups 2 and 3 demonstrated similar criteria in respect of reduction quality of posterior articular surface, restoration of height and axis of calcaneus (р>0.05). FFI and LEFS scores in group 1 were inferior to results in groups 2 and 3 (р<0.05) at 6 and 12 months follow up. At 24 months follow up the variances persisted for mean values but were not statistically significant (р>0.05). No differences between groups 2 and 3 were observed during all follow up terms (р>0.05). Sum rate of complications in wound healing in group 2 was significantly higher than in groups 1 and 3 (р = 0.033). Conclusion. Any of the described options of surgical treatment resulted in an earlier functional restoration after calcaneal fractures as compared to conservative treatment. Reduction quality and late functional outcomes did not vary between the study groups, however, the rate of complications for wound healing in the group with open internal fixation was higher.

Background. Growing number of patients with pelvic fractures is associated with evolution of high-speed transport, high-rise construction and industrial production. The optimal surgical procedure for pubic rami fractures must ensure a stable fixation and simultaneously minimize the risk of postoperative complications. Our aim was to evaluate the efficiency of a new technique for pubic bones fixation by a titanium nail in patients with pelvic fractures.Material and Methods. The authors present the experience on treatment of 18 patients who underwent 25 surgeries for internal fixation of pubic rami fractures by a designed solid titanium nail. Mean age of patients was 40.16±10.35 years. Proposed surgical method provides for mandatory use of image intensifier during all stages of the procedure. With patient in a supine position the authors performed internal fixation of pubic bones by a retrograde nail inserted using a navigating handle through a skin incision of1 cm in the area of symphysis. After complete insertion into the bone the nail was interlocked proximally by two3.5 mm cortex screws through an additional skin incision of1.0 cm using a navigating handle and guiding sleeves. All pelvic ring fractures were classified according to AO/OTA classification and pubic fractures by Nakatani classification. Functional outcome was evaluated by Majeed score.Results. Bilateral fractures were diagnosed in 7 (38.8%) patients (floating pubic symphysis). 13 (72.2%) patients featured polytrauma with average ISS score of 25.1±7.8. 2 (11,1%) patients were diagnosed with open pelvic fractures, 3 (16.6%) patients had a concomitant acetabular fracture. The authors performed epicystostomy in two (11.1%) patients and laparotomy bringing out the drainages in 5 (27,8%) patients. Mean follow up was 7.8±6.2 months. Stable fixation was obtained in all patients. By the moment of the present publication x-ray healing of pubic bones was observed in 16 (64%) cases, in remaining 9 (36%) cases the follow up period was less than mean healing period (2 months). In 11 (68.8%) patients the functional outcome averaged 91±3.9 by Majeed score 6 months postoperatively, in 8 (50%) patients – 93.8±2.9 by Majeed score 12 months postoperatively and more. No complications like skin necrosis, secondary fragments displacement or infection were not observed.Conclusion. Preliminary results demonstrated the absence of wound infection and reliable fragments fixation. This technique can be applied in patients with stomas and drainages upon the anterior abdominal wall which extends the indication range for surgical treatment of anterior pelvic ring. High fixation properties of proposed nailing create conditions for early mobilization of the patients and for conducting the exercise therapy.

The aim of the study was to assess the effectivity of PMGMU2018h scale for evaluation of the state severity degree of patients suffering from obstructive jaundice relative to other common assessment scales.Materials and Methods. Thirty physical parameters have been studied and compared according to different assessment scales in each of 258 patients with obstructive jaundice treated in three medical settings.Results. The main drawback of the examined scales is the necessity to use the parameters for calculations not included in the medical and economic standards of the Russian Federation. This feature makes these scales unsuitable for making decisions on the tactics of managing a concrete patient in the hospitals of the Russian Federation. The scale developed by us for the assessment of the state severity of patients suffering from obstructive jaundice is completely devoid of subjectivism, does not depend on a surgeon's qualifications, and possesses high specificity to the given disease.