For the first time in clinical conditions a study was carried out for estimation of average amplitude (AA-EMG) and frequency of oscillations repetitions parameters during dynamic and static exercises performance. We found that in healthy individuals EMG amplitude depends on the character of physical exercises performed. The largest EMG amplitude was registered when performing static exercises. It was found that in acute stroke patients, while performing flexion and extension of fingers, low-amplitude EMG activity was registered stretched for entire movement cycle without a clear peak of extremum. When performing static exercises, the amplitude and frequency of EMG oscillations changed significantly in a positive way.
The use of physical rehabilitation methods, in particular respiratory rehabilitation for pneumonia, allows to increase the tolerance to physical activity, improve oxygen consumption and endurance of patients compared to the initial level, reduce the frequency and duration of their hospitalization, as well as significantly improve the effectiveness of drug therapy. In the first stage of assisting patients with pneumonia of various genesis, therapeutic exercises are recommended that improve drainage function of the bronchi and promotes the discharge of bronchial mucous. Prescription of physiotherapeutic methods of treatment, which have a bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema and resorption effects, significantly increase the effectiveness of complex therapeutic measures.
A comprehensive approach to the treatment of pneumonia can produce better results by using all therapeutic physical exercise and physiotherapy options that have proven effective over many decades.
Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease from the group of spondylarthritis, characterized by damage to the predominantly axial skeleton, gradual formation of functional disorders of the spine and joints, leading to temporary or permanent disability and poor quality of life for patients, mostly young. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the study of the effectiveness of kinesitherapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Studies have been conducted that confirmed the positive effect on the function of the spine and joints of regular exercises performed at home, regular group exercise and their combination with physiotherapy methods. However, due to the imperfect methodology of conducting these studies and the lack of a standardized approach in evaluating the effectiveness of therapy in these patients, further detailed researches are needed to select the required amount of kinesitherapy for patients with ankylosing spondylitis and develop a standardized assessment of its effectiveness.
В современных работах по лечению и реабилитации пациентов с инсультом описывают преимущества и эффективность отдельных видов медицинской реабилитации, но этих данных недостаточно для оценки эффективности реабилитационной системы в целом. Целью нашего исследования было изучить эффективность пациент-центрированной проблемно-ориентированной мультидисциплинарной трехэтапной системы медицинской реабилитации пациентов с инсультом. В исследовании принял участие 1021 пациент старше 18 лет с ОНМК по ишемическому или геморрагическому типу в острейшем периоде. Все пациенты имели ограничение жизнедеятельности на момент поступления (без стойкой инвалидизации в анамнезе). Проводили сравнение двух моделей реабилитационных мероприятий, которые осуществляли в две последовательные фазы. В фазе 1 реализовывали преимущественно модель линейной формы оказания реабилитационной помощи, а в фазе 2 — мультидисциплинарную модель. Состояние пациентов оценивали по модифицированной шкале Рэнкина (mRS) в конце курса реабилитации. Сравнение результатов, полученных в первую и вторую фазы исследования, показало, что количество пациентов с оценкой по шкале mRS 0–1 балл в фазе 2 было на 18% меньше. Доля пациентов, имевших положительную динамику, также была значимо выше в фазе 2, чем в фазе 1 (16 и 30% соответственно). Пациентов, продемонстрировавших улучшение на 1–4 балла, в фазе 2 было значимо больше. Таким образом, применение мультидисциплинарной модели по сравнению с линейной моделью реабилитации обеспечивает значимое улучшение.
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