Treatment of severe juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represents a serious challenge. This study investigates the efficacy and safety of repeat courses of rituximab in patients with different forms of JIA refractory to infliximab and standard immunosuppressive therapy. Patients (n = 55; age 2.3-17.0 years) with severe polyarticular and systemic JIA (International League of Association for Rheumatology diagnostic criteria) received rituximab (one intravenous infusion/week for 4 weeks, 375 mg/m(2) per dose). Efficacy was assessed using the American College of Rheumatology Pediatric (ACR Pedi) criteria. The primary endpoint was an ACR Pedi 30 response at week 24. At week 24, ACR Pedi 30, 50, and 70 responses were achieved by 98%, 50%, and 40% of patients, respectively. By week 96, ACR Pedi 30, 50, and 70 responses were achieved by 98%, 93%, and 93% of 25 patients, respectively. Remission was recorded in 25%, 52%, 75%, and 98% of patients following the first (24 weeks), second (48 weeks), third (72 weeks), and fourth (96 weeks) courses of rituximab, respectively. Rituximab treatment significantly reduced the number of systemic manifestations at week 12 and also enabled 52% of patients to achieve remission of arthritis by week 48. This study supports the efficacy of rituximab in patients with severe forms of JIA, refractory to several prior agents.
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of etanercept treatment and to identify predictors of response to therapy within 12 months in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) without systemic manifestations.MethodsA total of 197 juvenile patients were enrolled in this study. Response to therapy was assessed using the ACRPedi 30/50/70/90 criteria, the Wallace criteria, and the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score 71 (JADAS-71). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential baseline factors associated with treatment response in different JIA categories.ResultsOne year after treatment initiation, 179 (90.9%) patients achieved ACRPedi30; 177 (89.8%) patients achieved ACRPedi50; 168 (85.3%) patients achieved ACRPedi70; and 135 (68.5%) patients achieved ACRPedi90 response. A total of 132 (67.0%) and 92 (46.7%) patients achieved inactive disease according to the Wallace criteria and the JADAS-71 cut-off point, respectively. Excellent response (achieving ACRPedi90 and clinically inactive disease according both to the Wallace criteria and the JADAS71 cut-off point) was associated with persistent oligoarticular JIA category, shorter disease duration before the start of etanercept, a lower number of DMARDs used before the introduction of etanercept, a lower number of joints with limited motion, and lower C-reactive protein at baseline. Poor response (failure to achieve ACR 70 or active disease according to both the Wallace criteria and JADAS71 even when ACR 70 was achieved) was associated with the polyarticular or enthesitis-related JIA categories, higher disease duration before the start of etanercept, and older age at disease onset.ConclusionAlmost half (45.7%) of the patients who initiated etanercept treatment achieved an excellent response (inactive disease and ACRPedi90) after 1 year. What may be novel is our finding that the response to etanercept therapy was strongly associated with the JIA category. The response to etanercept therapy was also associated with the disease duration before the start of etanercept treatment.
(p < 0,001),5 (1,0;5,0) до 1,0 (0,0; 3,0) (p = 0,024), концентрация С4-компонента комплемента повысилась с 0,13 (0,04; 0,19) до 0,43 (0,18; 0,50) г/л (p = 0,017), число антител к двуспиральной ДНК снизилось с 73,5 (11,5; 245,0) до 1,9 (0,0;40,0) МЕ/мл (p = 0,004). Деплеция в В лимфоцитах была зарегистрирована у всех пациентов через 24 и 48 нед терапии ритукси-мабом. Доза преднизолона была снижена с исходной 0,80 (0,43; 1,00) мг/кг в сут до 0,20 (0,17; 0,30) через 48 нед (p = 0,025 ОБОСНОВАНИЕСистемная красная волчанка (СКВ) -аутоиммунное заболевание, при котором наблюдается генерализо-ванное воспаление сосудов и соединительной ткани. Рас пространенность СКВ у детей зависит от их этниче-ской принадлежности и составляет от 10 до 20 случаев на 100 тыс. педиатрической популяции [1,2]. До 20% слу-чаев СКВ манифестируют в детском возрасте, при этом отличаются более тяжелым и агрессивным началом по сравнению с дебютом болезни у взрослых [3][4][5].В этиопатогенезе СКВ играют роль генетические, гормональные, иммунные факторы, а также факторы внешней среды. У пациентов с СКВ выявляют высокую концентрацию аутоантител и иммунных комплексов, что может быть результатом гиперпродукции В лимфоцитов [6,7], увеличения продолжительности их жизни и дли-тельной активации [8,9].Ритуксимаб -это моноклональное химерное анти-тело к CD20 антигену, который экспрессируется как на зрелых В лимфоцитах, так и на их предшественни-ках, но отсутствует на гемопоэтических и нормальных плазматических клетках. В результате антителозависи-мой клеточной цитотоксичности, комплементсвязанно-го лизиса, апоптоза, ингибирования клеточного роста происходит деструкция В лимфоцитов [10]. Хороший клинический ответ на терапию ритуксимабом у больных СКВ обусловлен длительной деплецией В лимфоцитов в периферической крови [11][12][13][14]. В связи с рефрактер-ностью к стандартной терапии ритуксимаб успешно при-меняется для лечения как лимфопролиферативных, так 498Оригинальная статья и аутоиммунных заболеваний у детей, например, таких как синдром Эванса, аутоиммунная гемолитическая ане-мия, идиопатическая тромбоцитопеническая пурпура, СКВ, ювенильный идиопатический артрит, ювенильный дерматомиозит, васкулит [15,16].Целью настоящего исследования было оценить эф-фективность и безопасность терапии ритуксимабом у детей с тяжелым течением СКВ, рефрактерной к глюко-кортикостероидам и иммунодепрессантам. МЕТОДЫ Дизайн исследования Оценка результатов леченияКлинические и лабораторные параметры оценивали в период госпитализации, перед инфузией ритуксимаба, и далее каждые 6 мес. Индексы активности СКВКлиническая активность болезни оценивалась по индексу SLEDAI (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index) в модификации SELENA (Safety of Estrogen in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment, Национальная оценка безопасности эстрогенов при красной волчанке) [19]. Индекс рассчитывался с учетом 24 показателей (16 клинических и 8 лабораторных), при этом каждый признак оценивался в баллах от 1 до 8. По индексу SLEDAI выделяют следующие степени активности СКВ:• 0 балл...
Background Remission is the primary objective of treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It is still debatable whether early intensive treatment is superior in terms of earlier achievement of remission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of early etanercept+methotrexate (ETA+MTX) combination therapy versus step-up MTX monotherapy with ETA added in refractory disease. Methods A multi-centre, double-blind, randomized study in active polyarticular JIA patients treated with either ETA+MTX (n = 35) or placebo+MTX (n = 33) for up to 24 weeks, followed by a 24-week open-label phase. The efficacy endpoints included pedACR30 criteria improvement at week 12, inactive disease at week 24, and remission at week 48. Patients who failed to achieve the endpoints at week 12 or at week 24 escaped to open-label ETA+MTX. Safety was assessed at each visit. Results By intention-to-treat analysis, more patients in the ETA+MTX group reached the pedACR30 response at week 12 (33 (94.3%)) than in the placebo+MTX group (20 (60.6%); p = 0.001). At week 24, comparable percentages of patients reached inactive disease (11 (31.4%) vs 11 (33.3%)). At week 48, 11 (31.4%) and eight (24.2%) patients achieved remission. The median (+/−IQR) times to achieve an inactive disease state in the ETA+MTX and placebo+MTX groups were 24 (14–32) and 32 (24–40) weeks, respectively. Forty-four (74/100 patient-years) adverse events (AEs) were reported, leading to treatment discontinuation in 6 patients. Conclusions Early combination therapy with ETA+MTX proved to be highly effective compared to the standard step-up regimen. Compared to those treated with the standard regimen, more patients treated with a combination of ETA+MTX reached the pedACR30 response and achieved inactive disease and remission more rapidly.
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