Aim. To study the changes of reproductive and demographic characteristics and socio-economic indicators of the Kyrgyz Republic, determining the major trends of these changes. Methods. Social-hygienic, statistical and analytical methods were used. The changes of the main social, demographic and reproductive indicators of the Kyrgyz Republic for the period of 2007-2011 were studied. Results. The main reproductive and demographic trends and the changes of the socio-economic indicators: significant number of residents were still poor and extremely poor (almost half the population); women prevailed among the unemployed - nearly one in ten females was unemployed, in young women (under 28 years) - one in seven; the population increased due to the birth rates being higher than the death rates with a negative balance of external migration, natural population increase was - 21 persons per 1,000; the fertility rate increased from 2.7 to 3.1; family with average number of children became more common compared to large families; the number of births by unmarried women and young women aged 15-19 increased; maternal and infant mortality rates decreased, while maintaining high rates (2 times or more above the European standard), increased number of abortions in the country, including abortions in 15-19 years old girls, and others. Conclusion. Changes in reproductive and demographic processes in the Kyrgyz Republic can be seen as a consequence of a significant drop in living standards of the Kyrgyzstan population; a significant number of negative trends that were revealed is the basis for a detailed study of the causes and factors determining them, followed by a scientific substantiation of programs on reproductive health of the Kyrgyz Republic population.

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The physical development (FR) of children is one of the main criteria for the health status of the child population, reflecting the effect on the body of endogenous and exogenous factors. The purpose of the study is to study the physical development of schoolchildren living in the southern regions of the Kyrgyz Republic. Methods. Measurements of growth, weight, and circumference of the thorax were taken in urban and rural schoolchildren residing in the southern regions of the Kyrgyz Republic. The study period was from October 2015 to January 2017. Results. According to the results of the studies, the smallest increases in length and body weight were observed between the ages of 7 and 8 in schoolchildren of both sexes. The rate of weight gain was from 1.0 to 1.2 kg and growth was from 3.0 to 3.3 cm. The greatest difference in the growth rate among schoolchildren was found at the age of 11 and 12 (p<0.001), in girls at the age of 11, 12 and 16 years of age (p<0.001). The annual average increase in body length at the age of 7–17 in urban and rural boys was 4.4 and 2.9 cm, respectively, in girls — 2.8 and 27 cm. The growth retardation of boys was observed at 17 years with a growth rate of 1.3%, and in girls aged 15 years — 1.8%. The greatest increase in weight in urban schoolchildren of both sexes was observed between the ages of 10 and 11 (5.6%), and in rural aged 12–13 years (5.3%). The annual average increase in the chest circumference at the age of 7–17 years in urban schoolchildren was 2.5 cm, in girls — 2.2 cm, and in rural schoolchildren this indicator was at the level of 2.0 and 2.1 cm, respectively. The conclusion. The studied data of anthropometric indicators was used in the development of standards for the physical development of urban and rural children (7–17 years) of school age in the southern region of the Kyrgyz Republic, and their physical development was assessed.

Objective: In this study, we analyzed the nutrition status and morbidity of adolescents. Methods:The data for the current study were obtained from the database of National statistical committee of Kyrgyz Republic for the period of 2009-2014 on nutritional and energy value of nutrition of urban and rural population living in conditions of high-, middle-and low-altitudes. We compared obtained data with current recommended norms of consumption for food ingredients, energy and food products.Results: Among adolescents of Kyrgyz Republic, residing especially in rural and high-altitude regions, there is an excessive consumption of fat and carbohydrates, and reduced consumption of protein. There is an increasing trend in prevalence of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and endocrine disorders, as well as malignancy for the period 2010-2014. Conclusion:The nutrition of adolescents is unbalanced and unhealthy, with diet composed mostly of carbohydrates and fat, lacking proteins and fruit and vegetables, accompanied by increased trend of morbidity, especially in rural and high-altitude regions. There is a need for interventions directed to both decrease poverty levels and increase awareness of healthy nutrition among adolescents and their families.

The article presents results of demographic status assessment of the Kyrgyz Republic, discusses trends of the main medicaldemographic parameters characterizing the nation and shows that the socioeconomic changes that have been taking place in the recent decades continue having considerably effect on population health formation and change of demographic processes.