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Introduction. Inadequate efficacy of medication for periodontal diseases leads to the search for new ways to treat this group of diseases, and, in particular, by using non-drug methods. Among the latter, the use of low-intensity radiation, in particular Polychromatic Incoherent Low Energy Radiation, PILER, seems very promising and becoming more widespread. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of PILER irradiation in the integrated treatment of patients with acute and chronic catarrhal gingivitis. Materials and methods. We examined 26 patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases aged from 17 to 28 years. We carried out clinical examination of all participants, performed Schiller-Pisarev tests, and determined Fedorov-Volodkina and Parma PMA indices. Orthopantomogram and laboratory investigation were also performed. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 included patients with acute catarrhal gingivitis, and group 2 included patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, who took the courses of PILER irradiation of the gingival mucosa with red and purple filters in addition to standard therapy; group 3rd included patients with acute catarrhal gingivitis, and group 4 involved patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, who received the medication only without the PILER irradiation course. We used the Bioptron "MedAll" device. Results and discussion. After the course of integrated treatment, the patients of groups 1 and 2 demonstrated faster and more pronounced improvement of clinical signs compared with groups 3 and 4. The patients of group 1 were registered to experience improvement on day 3 of the treatment; on the 14th day of the treatment, Fedorov-Volodkina index and PMA were assessed as by 15.4 and 15.6% better compared to group 3. The patients of group 2 found to have the improvement on the 7th day of the treatment; on the 14th day of the treatment, the values of the FedorovVolodkina and PMA indexes were by 14.3 and 17.2% better compared with those in group 4. Conclusions. PILER irradiation in combination with medication accelerates and improves the treatment of acute and chronic catarrhal gingivitis, compared with the use of drug therapy alone, improves microcirculation and periodontal tissue trophism.

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The aim: To investigate current trends in the study of oral biofilm and its control. Materials and methods: A research of 32 literature sources has been made and it has been taken into account that some terminological differences in determining objects of study. Conclusions: Detailed analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature argues the necessity of further in-depth study of oral biofilms. Understanding the ethiological factors and mechanisms of the pathogenesis periodontal tissues inflammatory diseases gives the opportunity to treat targetly by destroying complicated sections of the vital activities and oral biofilm microorganisms relationships.

The research presents a prognostic model of the effectiveness of minimally invasive interventions in the dental patients’ treatment of carious pathology, which was developed to reduce the impact of iatrogenic interventions, increase the results of biological, biomechanical and financial feasibility of treatment. The aim of research is to develop a mathematical representation of a comprehensive prognostic model of the minimally invasive treatment effectiveness of carious pathology. Materials and methods of research. Comprehensive prognostic model of comparative efficiency of minimally invasive implementation of treatment protocols of carious pathology included consideration of relative risk indicators of biological complications (secondary caries and affected tissue pulp), decreased biomechanical forecast of the tooth (based on the performance index IROPZ and IHRKCHZ) and the financial feasibility of these methods, taking into account the ratio of material costs and unit labor intensity of the biological level and biomechanical forecast of the functioning of the dentition unit. Results of the research. The factors were identified during the scientific research; it was provided that the volume of iatrogenic interventions in the dental patients’ treatment of caries can be minimized. The structure of a complex prognostic model of the effectiveness of realization minimally invasive methods of treating caries of hard tooth tissues was developed. A comparative assessment of the biological, biomechanical and financial feasibility of treatment of carious pathology depending on the depth of damage to the hard tissues of the tooth using classical (invasive) and mini-invasive methods of treatment was held. The study showed that the implementation of minimally invasive approaches to the treatment of carious pathology in terms of risk and complications in secondary destructive changes of dental hard tissues and pulp tissue damage contributes to the effectiveness of limited nuclear interventions with controlled enamel reduction and determination of connection of restoration with the bottom of the formed cavity. The highest biomechanical feasibility of minimally invasive dissection protocols has been established in the defects treatment within the enamel in order to minimize unreasonable enamel reduction and dentin tissues, carious cavities treatment at the border of medium-deep types of lesions to limit the caries spreading in the cavities deep localization in order to prevent the development of associated lesions of the pulp complex, which in terms of biological prognosis can provoke the development of irreversible changes. Conclusion. As a result of scientific research and comparative analysis of the effectiveness of caries treatment by mini-invasive methods of intervention, the fact of improving the biological and biomechanical prognosis of the affected units of the dentition compared to the results of treatment of pathological lesions by surgery in accordance with classical protocols, confirming the developed complex prognostic model of efficiency of use of minimally invasive methods of treatment of carious pathology of dental patients. However, the creation of a unified comprehensive forecasting model, which would include the most complete reflection of all these criteria and was at the same time reliable, is impossible. Biological stacking relative risk indicators in the process of secondary development and pulpitis indicate the excess of minimally invasive treatment in all analyzed clinical cases, cases of initial treatment in relation to the risk of pulp production and cases in the center of caries relative to the risk of the previous year.