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Background. Dislocation of hip endoprosthesis remains a common and serious complication of arthroplastic interventions. One of the ways to prevent endoprosthesis dislocation is to integrate a ligamentum teres analog into its design. Purpose. Reviewing international experience in the design, development and insertion of hip endoprosthesis with the native ligamentum teres or its analog. Materials and methods. A systematic patent and non-patent search and analysis of publications on hip endoprostheses with native ligamentum teres or its artificial analog. The search was done on relevant online platforms and in available libraries. Results. To date, there are 20 identified patents on endoprosthesis designs with the native ligamentum teres or its analog. Ligamentum teres analogs are proposed to be created using auto-, allo-or xenografts, synthetic materials and metals. We have found two subtotal endoprosthesis with ligamentum teres analogs that are used in clinical practice. The long-term outcomes of such surgeries are not known. There are no commercially available endoprostheses with ligamentum teres analogs. Conclusions. A ligamentum teres analog integrated into a hip endoprosthesis can help prevent dislocation in the post-operative period. Further theoretical, experimental, biomechanical and clinical studies are needed to develop such endoprostheses for a wider use.

Background. A ligamentum capitis femoris (syn. ligamentum teres) is one of the least studied anatomical structures. We know little about its role in the musculoskeletal system, and even less about its first written mentions. Purpose. This article is intended to clarify who and when first described the connection of the head of the femur in the medical literature, and to provide a hypothesis about its first mention in the history of mankind. Material and methods. We reviewed the oldest written sources available to us, covering the anatomy of the hip joint and ligamentum capitis femoris. Conclusion. The first description of the ligamentum capitis femoris in the medical text is given by Hippocrates of Kos in the treatise Instruments of Reductions (V-IV century BC). According to our hypothesis, the first in the history of mankind to mention a ligamentum capitis femoris, is contained in the ancient literary monument of Torah (XII-II century BC), there it is first reported about its damage, which led to disruption of walk biomechanics. The article will contribute to the further study of the ligamentum capitis femoris, the search for effective methods of treatment and prevention of its pathology. KEY WORDSLigamentum capitis femoris; biomechanics of hip joint; gait pathology; history of medicine 157

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