Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an economically devastating disease of swine in many parts of the world. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) type 1 is endemic in Europe, and prevalence of the subtypes differ spatially. In this study, we investigated a severe PRRS outbreak reported in 30 farms located in eastern Russia that belong to a large swine production company in the region that was also experiencing a pseudorabies outbreak in the system. Data included 28 ORF5 sequences from samples across 18 of the 25 infected sites, reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results from diagnostic testing, reports of clinical signs, and animal movement records. We observed that the outbreak was due to two distinct variants of wildtype PRRSV type 1 subtype 1 with an average genetic distance of 15%. Results suggest that the wildtype PRRSV variants were introduced into the region around 2019, before affecting this production system (i.e., sow farms, nurseries, and finisher farms). Clinical signs did not differ between the variants, but they did differ by stage of pig production. Biosecurity lapses, including movement of animals from infected farms contributed to disease spread.

An overview of the current status of the eco-terrorism problem based on domestic and foreign research has been presented. Its phenomenology, types, factors and prevention have been considered. The basic definitions of eco-terrorism have been stated. Despite numerous publications contemporary international scientific community has not yet come to a common understanding of the term "eco-terrorism", has not developed a comprehensive and universally acceptable definition. It has been stated that various international documents gave different definitions of terrorism. The national legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as the other countries has no a clear definition of "eco-terrorism". Eco-terrorism is understood as various facts of forced impact on environment including change in physical, chemical and electrical properties of the oceans and seas. Backgrounds of environmental aggression and eco-terrorism have been presented. Public danger factors of eco-terrorism have been described. Transformation of the terrorism's basic paradigms as well as actual facts and specific character of ecological terroristic acts have been presented. Problems of safety in emergency situations of ecological nature, antiterrorist protection and the eco-terrorism organization in Russia and other countries have been considered.

Relevance. Indications, application techniques and contraindications for the use of vacuum therapy in surgery and orthopedics are formulated in clinical guidelines and are generally available. Indications for the use of a vacuum in patients with severe burns are scattered and depend on personal experience and preferences of the medical staff, and not on objective reasons.Intention. To analyze the results of using Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) in patients of burn departments.Methodology. The study included 56 patients treated with local negative pressure in the Department of thermal injuries of the Saint-Petersburg institute of emergency care named after I.I. Dzhanelidze in 2017–2020. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS 20.0 using descriptive and non-parametric statistics.Results and their Discussion. The frequency of using VAC-therapy in patients with burn injuries was 0.8 % (56 of 6764). The most common reasons for hospitalization of patients were contact injuries – 20 (36 %) and flame burns – 18 (32 %). The main indications for NPWT were stimulation of granulation formation – 21 (38 %), control of wound infection – 20 (36 %), and temporary wound closure after early excisions or atypical amputations – 11 (20 %). The main contraindications to the use of the method were cognitive disorders or impaired consciousness. The primary complication was the depressurization of the dressings, which we encountered in 9 cases (16 %). The expected results of vacuum therapy were achieved in 49 patients (88 %).Conclusion. Local negative pressure is relatively rarely used in burn treatment. A positive effect from the use of NPWT can be expected in the control of wound infections and in the preparation of wounds for skin grafting. The prospects for the introduction of the method can be considered its application in the treatment of partial-thickness burns and additional fixation of skin grafts. To objectify the choice of modes and duration of vacuum therapy in burned patients, it is necessary to conduct further multicenter studies with the preparation of clinical guidelines.