1 Международный научно-исследовательский клинико-образовательный центр регенеративной медицины, Кубанский государственный медицинский университет, Краснодар, Российская Федерация 2 ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт -Краевая клиническая больница № 1 имени профессора С.В. Очаповского» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края, Краснодар, Российская Федерация Цель исследования -оценить перспективы использования процессов децеллюляризации и рецеллю-ляризации легких крысы как начального этапа создания тканеинженерных конструкций. Материалы и методы. Децеллюляризацию легких крысы выполняли перфузионным детергент-энзиматическим мето-дом при сопутствующей вентиляции трахеи атмосферным воздухом. Качество проведенной децеллюля-ризации оценивали с использованием рутинных гистологических и иммуногистохимических методов исследования, количественное содержание ДНК определяли спектрофотометрически. Для статической рецеллюляризации и перфузионной рецеллюляризации целого органа в качестве модели для изучения поведения клеток на каркасе использовали мезенхимальные мультипотентные стромальные клетки с последующей оценкой метаболической активности клеток колориметрическим методом и их жизнеспо-собности -путем окрашивания кальцеином и гомодимером этидия. Для качественной оценки матрикса легких после рецеллюляризации использовали иммуногистохимический анализ. Результаты. 92% ал-логенной ДНК удалено при проведении децеллюляризации. Гистологическое окрашивание не выявило остаточных клеток и клеточных ядер при сохранности волокон внеклеточного матрикса, что подтверж-далось иммуногистохимической реакцией матрикса с антителами к ламинину, эластину, фибронектину, коллагенам I и IV типов до и после проведения децеллюляризации. Каркас при заселении клетками не проявляет токсических свойств, поддерживает жизнеспособность и метаболическую активность клеток. Заключение. Полученный опыт децеллюляризации и рецеллюляризации легких крысы является перс-пективной основой для разработки протоколов создания тканеинженерных легких.Ключевые слова: децеллюляризация, рецеллюляризация, тканеинженерные легкие крысы. Aim. The main aim of our research is to evaluate the process of rat lung decellularization and recellularization as the initial step of tissue-engineered organs creation. Materials and methods. Rat lung decellularization was performed by perfusion with detergents and enzymes with concomitant atmospheric air ventilation through the trachea. The quality of decellularization was analyzed with routine histological and immunohistochemical staining techniques, DNA content was determined quantitatively by spectrophotometer. For static and whole organ EXPERIENCE OF PERFUSION RECELLULARIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL LUNG SCAFFOLD IN RATS
The effect of decellularization on the biomechanical properties of macaque lungs was studied. The quality of the biological scaffold was additionally assessed by morphological methods, and the contents of extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers were determined both qualitatively and quantitatively. Histological analysis revealed no damage of structural integrity of ECM components, but the scaffold elasticity significantly decreased, which was confirmed by the changes in the hysteresis loop without a concomitant decrease in peak loads, with the mechanical strength of the samples being retained. These changes require taking additional measures to prevent a decrease in the effective lung volume.
Aim. To evaluate the level of staffing by general practitioners (GP) in medical organizations in Krasnodar Krai.Materials and methods. Indicators characterizing the level of staffing by GPs in Krasnodar Krai hospitals were analysed using data from the state statistical observation form No. 30 “Information about a medical organization” for the 2009–2019 period. According to the data derived from the Krasnodar Krai Patient Register as of 01.01.2020, all GPs were divided into groups in terms of the ratio of the number of served population and the recommended values. Using the data of the Regional Register of Medical Workers as of 01.01.2020, the age composition of GPs was analysed.Results. As of 01.01.2020, Krasnodar Krai featured 228 medical organizations subordinate to the Krasnodar Krai Ministry of Healthcare. Of these, 58 have full-time GP positions. The overall number of GP positions comprises 294, which are currently taken by 198 specialists (1.1% of the total number of doctors and 1.9% of doctors providing medical care on an outpatient basis). Over the studied period, stable indicators of the provision of the Krasnodar Krai population by GPs were noted; however, the level of staffing by GPs in hospitals was decreasing. This indicates a growing trend in the lack of GPs. An analysis of the actual load of 198 GPs showed that, on average, 1 GP serves 1219 people. For 26.8% of GPs, the number of served population increased the recommended values by 1.5 times or more. As a result, over 100,000 adults in the region are served under the conditions of excessive workload on GPs. The average age of GP is 50.1 ± 0.9 years. Currently, more than 25% of GPs are working retirees by age. In the medium term, this value may exceed 50%. Considering specialists who are about to retire, the estimated need for GPs is 146 doctors.Conclusion. In order to provide affordable and high-quality primary health care to the population in Krasnodar Krai, the number of GPs should be increased. In addition, measures should be taken to raise the attractiveness of work in Krasnodar Krai hospitals.
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