Different radioprotective action mechanisms of CeO2 nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo are demonstrated and discussed.

In the present work, the effect of a low-dose rate of high-LET radiation in polychromatic erythrocytes of mice bone marrow was investigated in vivo. The spectral and component composition of the radiation field used was similar to that present in the atmosphere at an altitude of about 10 km. The dose dependence, adaptive response, and genetic instability in the F1 generation born from males irradiated under these conditions were examined using the micronucleus test. Irradiation of the mice was performed for 24 h per day in the radiation field behind the concrete shield of the Serpukhov accelerator. Protons of 70 GeV were used over a period of 15-31 days, to accumulate doses of 11.5-31.5 cGy. The experiment demonstrated that irradiation of mice in vivo in this dose range leads to an increase in cytogenetic damage to bone marrow cells, but does not induce any adaptive response. In mice pre-irradiated with a dose of 11.5 cGy, an increase in sensitivity was observed after an additional irradiation with a dose of 1.5 Gy. The absence of an adaptive response suggests existence of genetic instability.

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We studied the dose-dependent induction of in vivo adaptive response in the bone marrow and blood of mice exposed to low-intensity radiation of He-Ne laser (633 nm) and X-ray radiation by the severity of cytogenetic injury and intensity of ROS production, respectively. Induction of the adaptive response in mice preexposed to He-Ne laser and X-ray radiation depended on the adaptive dose and the interval between the adaptive and main doses and correlated with changes in ROS generation. The adaptive response after exposure to low-intensity ionizing and non-ionizing radiation was observed in the same dose range, which attests to similar mechanisms of its induction.