Методические рекомендации посвящены вопросам практической работы по диагностике и лечению новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19. Целью создания данного документа явилась необходимость выработки единого подхода в организации помощи пациентам с новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19 в военных стационарах с позиций практического опыта специалистов госпиталя, требо-ваний национальных рекомендаций. наиболее важные рекомендации касаются вопросов правильного понимания заболевания, алго-ритмов действий врачебного персонала и режимов фармакотерапии пациентов с коронавирусной инфекцией. Ключевые слова: новая коронавирусная инфекция COVID-19, фармакотерапия, алгоритмы работы, клинические рекомендации. Для цитирования: Зайцев А.А., чернов С.А., Стец В.В. и др. Алгоритмы ведения пациентов с новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19 в стационаре. Методические рекомендации. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (11): 91–97. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.11.200520

Objective. To assess efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 57 patients with moderate and severe novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) receiving methylprednisolone pulse therapy (500 mg/day IV for 2–3 consecutive days) was performed. Pre- and post-therapy examination of the patients included clinical (severity and duration of fever, gas exchange parameters), imaging (computed tomography) and laboratory tests (including C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, D-dimer). Results. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy resulted in improved gas exchange (the mean duration of SpO2 recovery was 3.9 ± 0.25 days), body temperature normalization (the mean time to defervescence was 2.1 ± 0.2 days), significant decrease in inflammatory marker levels (CRP, D-dimer). No patients required an enhancement of respiratory support (transfer to ICU). Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was well-tolerated and did not cause bacterial complications. Conclusions. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in patients with COVID-19 was shown to decrease activity of systemic inflammatory response, severity of coagulation disorders and contribute to recovery of gas exchange lung function. Given the high efficacy and low cost of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, it could be one of the promising approaches to the management of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19. Further studies are needed to determine prognostic criteria of progression and optimal time for initiation of corticosteroid therapy.

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In 2022, the incidence of swine (A/H1N1) influenza markedly increased. It causes acute lung injury similar to that caused by SARS-CoV-2. These practice guidelines focus on the management of patients with severe influenza: from the diagnostic algorithm to the specifics of therapy and the use of respiratory support techniques. The guidelines provide recommendations on the rational pharmacotherapy principles: antiviral, antibacterial, mucoactive, anticoagulant, and symptomatic. The need to avoid prescribing drugs that may worsen the condition of patients with A/H1N1 influenza that are effective in other viral lung diseases, including SARS-CoV-2, has been pointed out. A detailed review of the criteria for initiation and principles of respiratory support is given.

This article offers a critical analysis of the general idea of "overcoming Kant", presented by Ye. N. Trubetskoy in the book "The metaphysical assumptions of knowledge" (1917).