The factors responsible for the emergence of problematic situations in the company's production, economic, financial and economic activities are the unacceptable controlled disturbances of the external and internal environment of the enterprise and the unacceptable deviations of the actual states of the execution or management processes from the required ones, impeding (creating threats) or contributing (creating potential opportunities) achievement of the established objectives of the functioning and development of the enterprise. The essence of recognition of problem situations is considered and analyzed. A specialized system for recognizing problematic production situations is presented as a complex dynamic automated (automatic) system that realizes in real time the transformation of input information about a problem situation that has arisen in the course of production and economic activity into output information about its belonging to a certain reference class of problem production situations. Examples are given of the use of specialized systems for recognizing problematic production situations in the operational management of production, innovation processes and processes of functional maintenance of production and innovation processes implemented at the enterprise. Named the main tasks solved in the design, creation and operation of specialized systems for recognizing problematic production situations, and the methods used in the course of solving them. The advantages of using specialized systems for recognizing problem situations in the production and economic activities of production systems with intellectual support are indicated.

This article discusses the problem of scaling the control information system. Some new type of horizontal scaling of big data array is offered. It consists in structuring of this array in compliance with hierarchy of lifeworlds (Lebenswelt), which become distinguishable in the paradigm of large-scale system. Processes of the "lower" lifeworlds can be so slow that won't be caught by strategic analysis and design instruments of "top" lifeworlds. However, these processes can give some delayed cumulative effect called "black swan effect". The complex formation algorithms recreating the logic of the interconnection of industrial enterprise subsystems are presented. The bases of the choice of temporary horizon extension for large-scale system strategic planning are given.

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В статье рассмотрено современное состояние ресурсов инновационной экосистемы университета. Проанализированы пути развития и взаимосвязь науки и практики, а также инновационные процессы в университетах как в системах производства знаний и национальной конкурентоспособности в долгосрочной перспективе.