The article outlines problems of aviation industry connected with limitation of energy resources for aviation fuels production. Main ecological problems connected with application of conventional jet fuels are determined. Modern trends for transition from conventional aviation fuels to alternative ones are presented. The most popular technologies for alternative fuels production are discussed. Advantages of biofuels implementation in aviation are defined.

The work is devoted to the development of alternative jet fuel blended with rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents and study of their physical-chemical properties. The modification of conventional jet fuel by rapeseed oil esters was chosen for this work among the variety of technologies for alternative jet fuels development. The main characteristics of conventional jet fuel and three kinds of biocomponents were determined and compared to the standards requirements to jet fuel of Jet A-1 grade. The most important or identifying physical-chemical properties of jet fuels were determined for the scope of this study. Among them are: density, viscosity, fractional composition, freezing point and net heat of combustion. The influence of rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents on the mentioned above characteristics of blended jet fuels was studied and explained.

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate of the microalgae potential for commercial application, in particular to conduct experimental study of biogenic compounds removal from sewage waters by microalgae, and to calculate economical benefits from biofertizers and biofuel production. Design/methodology/approach Experimental study in the concentration change of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in the cultivation of Chlorella Vulgaris microalgae in various types of sewage water was carried out. Findings The efficiency wastewater treatment by microalgae was confirmed. The economic benefit from the biomass utilization as biofuel production was calculated. Practical implications Implementation of wastewater treatment technology with biomass recycling for biofuel and biofertilizers production will minimize the impact on the environment. Originality/value As a results of experimental studies, the ability of microalgae to reduce biogenic elements in wastewater was confirmed. Microalgae can be used both for wastewater treatment to biogenic elements removal, such as phosphorous and nitrogen compounds, and biofuel, biofertilizers production. Prospects of the commercial use of microalgae are obvious. They are specially adapted to an environment dominated by viscous forces.

No abstract

Abstract. Petroleum sludge composition and physicochemical characteristic and thermal stability of its organic matter have been investigated. The regularities of sludge layers distribution in the storage ponds have been established.