The aim of the investigationTo determine clinical-dynamic characteristics of combat-related PTSD for best understanding etiologocal and pathogenesis bases in mentioned category.Subjects478 male combatants aged 22–43 y.o., observed in 1993–2008 years.Methods of investigationClinico-psychopathological; quality of life self-evaluating scales, IES-R and statistical.According to ICD-10, only one diagnostical category - “reaction to hard stress and adaptation disturbance”- is identified as having explicit etiological connection with psycho-traumatic extraordinary impact. Negative mental symptomatology in combatants is reflected there as “chronical personality changes after catastrophe”.Contrary to “classical” position personality change may be its chronical outcome and the diagnosis should be stated not only after 2 years. That's why the period of urgent adaptation is characterized by regressive, ontogenetically more early forms of reacting; conscience disintegration.Appearance of more prolonged and more specifical PTSD symptomatology reflects pathoplastic later development.PTSD can be understood as a transforming reactive process, fixating in memory traces new behavioral stereotypes. Specifical adaptation in military conditions happens because of cortical behavior control's depression and deep-undercortical philogenetically old vital affects releasing (as the biological base). Positive PTSD symptomatology in combatants are repeated memories about psychotrauma, often transform into obsessive-phobic complexes. In case of increased cortex inhibition impulsive behavior's motives are formed. Initial war stress is complicated by the necessity to adapt to usual conditions and it often becomes a basis for behavioral deviations. That's why we should consider the treatment and rehabilitation of such persons one of the priority medical and social tasks in XXI century.

Background: The relevance of publication is due to the significant frequency of mental disorders during the times of infectious diseases. The coronavirus epidemic in Russia in 2020 was associated with various factors contributing to panic experience, the occurrence of reactive and / or induced mental disorders and exacerbation of existing ones. However, a targeted analysis of such disorders is not yet presented in the domestic scientific literature.The aim: to describe the symptoms and the phenomenology of some mental disorders during the coronavirus epidemic and to discuss its possible pathway.Materials and methods: 13 persons aged 14–66 years admitted to out-patient clinics were examined by psychiatrist. Clinical interview was used as well as experimental psychological examination (MMPI scale) and WHO quality of life questionnaire. Some patients and their relatives or other informants were interviewed on-line. Schizophrenia patients and patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders were not included in the research.Discussion of results: mental disorders during the coronavirus epidemic present heterogenous group due to phenomenological and etiological differences. Age, gender and social status are not critical. It is likely that the preceding personality characteristics such as the presence of borderline psychopathology, suggestibility, emotional dependence, stress tolerance, loneliness, attitude to death, somatic diseases could play the main role in the occurrence of these disorders.Conclusions: according to preliminary data, mental disorders during the period of the coronavirus epidemic do not fundamentally differ from disorders during other epidemics or emergency situation. However, long-term social isolation of people due to contact limitation and repeated explanations of its necessity in media could cause long-term anxiety and depletion of psychological defense mechanisms, acquired great pathogenic significance in this epidemic. Taking into account the mentioned factors and impact of economic crisis anxiety, COVID-19 and its psychological and psychiatric consequence may be considered as needed research.

The aim of the investigation was to determine clinical-dynamic characteristics of combat-related PTSD, as well as individual and personality features and prerequisites of criminal aggression and mental disturbances observed at the moment of offence.

The objective of the study were the problems of out-patient care to schizophrenic patients having antisocial records.Materials and methods:The forensic psychiatric assessment of 98 schizophrenic patients (according to ICD-10) has been carried out. During our assessment psychopathic-like, neurotic-like disorders, depressive and psychotic symptoms were prevalent.Methods:Structured and semistructured clinical interviwes and medical and criminal records investigation.Results:The outpatient care of observed patients must be strictly deontologically consistent. Most of the patients and their relatives have a certain psychological ideas about antisocial behaviour and causes of the disease. The doctor's attempts to make alterations may break his contact with a patient and increase the dissimulating tendences. Some patients were sure that relatives “dream” to get rid of them. Continuation of multifactor pathomorphosis in schizophrenia was determined.The main causes of errors in diagnosis and therapy in schizophrenic patients were the previous treatment for combat related PTSD; alcohol and drug abuse or all of them as comorbid. Many patients and relatives were not prepared for necessary inpatient treatment and were unaware about new psychopharmacological therapy. Aggressive behaviour was the result of delirious protection which forces a patient to change his former social attitude or manifested as a postpsychotic condition as a form of adjustment to a “new health”.Conclusion:The carried out research is helpful to formulate changed diagnostic criteria and aggressive behaviour rick/protective (clinical and social) factors system in schizophrenia patients. Out-patient care to schizophrenic patients seems to remain an object of discussion.

According to research activities, those persons, who suffered military stress and developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), constitute a high-risk group of offending behavior in the time of peace.Research objective:Combatants were divided into 2 groups: those who committed (“persons under investigation” - N 1) and those who did not commit aggressive delicts and torts (“patients” - N 2).Results:Disadaptive (aggressive) forms of behavior occurred in “persons N 1” much more often in emotional sphere. The choice of strategies aimed on changing the situation prevailed in this group (cognitive sphere). The most distinct cognitive disorder noted in “persons N 1” was the decrease of their forecasting competency. In the groups studied, the choice of predominant strategies for overcoming social stress did differ for certain. Only 13% of “persons N 1” accepted impunitive way of reacting, while for “patients” this figure constituted 29.8%. Absense of confiding and trusting relationships, absense of usage of their efforts is more typical (p>0.05). Important factor helping to raise the level of social adaptation for “patients” include providing of affiliation (33.6%). In comparison to group of “persons N 1” they suppressed exhaustive emotions more seldom (9.7%) and were inclined to forecast real events more often. Thus, during organization of rehabilitation measures for combatants, it is necessary to consider coping strategies for overcoming social stress, as well as the level of transagression of structure of main motives and values, which may help to decrease the risk of criminal behavior for patients with PTSD.