Aim. To study the qualitative composition, the quantitative content of catechins in green tea leaves and compare the data obtained with those evaluated by spectrophotometry.Materials and methods. Green tea leaves used for the analysis were collected in Anhui Province, China. The extract for the HPLC analysis was obtained by the maceration method with 60 % ethanol twice in the raw material/extractant ratio of 1 : 20. In the case of the spectrophotometric analysis, green tea leaves were extracted with 70 % ethanol twice by the maceration method in the raw material/extractant ratio of 1 : 20. The analysis of the extract from green tea leaves was performed by high performance liquid chromatography using a Prominence LC-20 Shimadzu chromatographic system (Japan) with a SPD-20AV spectrophotometric detector, an Agilent Technologies Microsorb-MV-150 column (reversed phase, C18 modified silica gel, length – 150 mm, diameter – 4.6 mm, particles size – 5 μm). Substances in the extract were identified by comparing the retention time and the spectral characteristics of the test substances with the same characteristics of the reference standards. Spectrophotometric measurements were carried out using a UV-1000 single beam spectrophotometer (China) with the pair of S90-309Q quartz square cells.Results and discussion. Using high performance liquid chromatography 5 catechins were identified. Among them epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (10.85 %) predominated, while catechin (0.61 %) had the lowest concentration. The total amount of catechins in green tea leaves was 30.56 and 24.79 % by HPLC and spectrophotometry, respectively. The F- and t-tests showed that there was no significant difference between the results of HPLC and spectrophotometry.Conclusions. The qualitative composition and the quantitative content of catechins have been determined in the extract from green tea leaves by high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry. Both HPLC and spectrophotometric methods can be used to determine the total catechin content in green tea leaves. The high content of catechins makes the extract promising for further study and creation of new herbal medicinal products and dietary supplements. The results obtained will be used for standardization of green tea leaves and for future pharmacological research of its extract.
Organic acids are a large group of biologically active compounds that perform important functions in the plant organism. Moreover, all plants, regardless of the species and family, contain organic acids to a small or large extent as organic acids belong to intermediate metabolites arising from the oxidation of proteins and amino acids, fats and carbohydrates.Aim. To validate the method of alkalimetry proposed with potentiometric detection of the end-point for the quantitative determination of free organic acids in raspberry leaves.Results and discussion. The method proposed was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The linearity was in the concentration range of 40 – 200 % (r2 = 0.9991). The percentage of recovery was found to be in the range of 98.77 – 102.48 %. The repeatability and intermediate precision were 1.58 % and 1.74 %, respectively. The method is accurate and reliable, with the relative standard deviation of less than 2 %.Experimental part. Leaves of raspberry were collected in the Kharkiv region during the period of full ripening. A Hanna 2550 pH-meter with a HI 1131P potentiometric electrode was used for alkalimetric titration of free organic acids. The titration was carried out using a microburette with Class A accuracy.Conclusions. The alkalimetry method for the quantitative determination of free organic acids in raspberry leaves has been proposed and validated according to the following parameters: specifcity, linearity, accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision, robustness. It has been confrmed that the method is simple, reliable, accurate and cost-effective.Key words: raspberry; leaves; free organic acids; alkalimetry; validation
Мета роботи-дослідження реакційної здатності естерів 2-(бензоїламіно)(1-R-2-оксоіндолін-3-іліден) оцтових кислот. Результати та їх обговорення. Константи швидкості реакції лужного гідролізу естерів 2-(бензоїламіно) (1-R-2-оксоіндолін-3-іліден)оцтових кислот залежать від структури та довжини вуглеводневого ланцюга при гетероциклічному атомі нітрогену. Введення до структури гетероциклу вуглеводневих радикалів уповільнює реакцію, а подовження ланцюга її прискорює. Кількісна оцінка впливу електронної природи замісників на реакційну здатність пропілових естерів здійснювалась за рівнянням Гаммета. Одержані дані свідчать, що величини реакційного параметра ρ позитивні у вивченому температурному інтервалі, що додатково підтверджує В АС 2 механізм цієї реакції. Експериментальна частина. Концентрацію NaOH у розчині визначали потенціометричним титруванням на іономірі EV-74 стандартним водним розчином HCl. Кінетику реакції вивчали у трикратному повторенні, досліди містили 6-8 вимірів (глибина перетворень-не менше 80 %). Оцінку точності одержаних результатів здійснювали методом математичної статистики малих вибірок при достовірній ймовірності 0,95. Висновки. Вивчена кінетика реакції лужного гідролізу біологічно активних пропілових естерів 2-(бензоїламіно)(1-R-2-оксоіндолін-3-іліден)оцтових кислот у широкому температурному інтервалі, доведено її В АС 2 механізм з утворенням високосиметричного інтермедіату. Проаналізовано вплив природи замісників при гетероциклічному атомі Гідрогену на численні кінетичні та активаційні параметри реакції та доведена ізокінетичність та синхронність реакції з використанням незалежних тестів. Ключові слова: реакційна здатність; лужний гідроліз; похідні 2-(бензоїламіно)(1-R-2-оксоіндолін-3іліден)оцтових кислот
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