No abstract

Metal-based drugs, also called "metallopharmaceuticals" or "metallodrugs", are examples of sophisticated compounds that have been used in inorganic medicinal chemistry as therapeutic agents for a long time. Few of them have shown substantially promising results and many of them have been used in different phases of clinical trials. The Mo-based metallodrugs were successfully applied in the past for treating conditions such as anemia or Wilson's disease. Moreover, Mo complexes are supposed to exert their effect by intercalation/ cleavage of DNA/RNA, arrest of the cell cycle, and alteration of cell membrane functions. However, in the current literature, there are no reliable and in-depth reviews about the hypothetical therapeutic applications of all of the known molybdenum complexes as metallopharmaceuticals/ metallodrugs. The main emphasis was on the in-depth review of the potential applications of Mo-based complexes in medicinal chemistry as metallopharmaceuticals in treating diseases such as cancer and tumors, Wilson's disease, diabetes mellitus, Huntington's disease, atherosclerosis, and anemia. It must be emphasized that today the development of innovative and new Mo-based metalo-pharmaceuticals is not rapid, and hence the aim of this paper was also to inspire colleagues working in the field of Mo compounds who are trying to find "signpost" for research. The authors hope that this article will increase interest and initiate the Renaissance of Mo-compounds among medicinal inorganic chemists. This paper is the first review article in the literature that refers to and emphasizes many different and complex aspects of possible applications and capabilities of Mo-based metallodrugs.

This work represents a comparative metabolomic study of extracts of wild grapes obtained from six different places in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories (Far East Russia) and extracts of grapes obtained from the collection of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (St. Petersburg). The metabolome analysis was performed by liquid chromatography in combination with ion trap mass spectrometry. The results showed the presence of 118 compounds in ethanolic extracts of V. amurensis grapes. In addition, several metabolites were newly annotated in V. amurensis. The highest diversity of phenolic compounds was identified in the samples of the V. amurensis grape collected in the vicinity of Vyazemsky (Khabarovsk Territory) and the floodplain of the Arsenyevka River (Primorsky Territory), compared to the other wild samples and cultural grapes obtained in the collection of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources.

The effects of casein non-phosphopeptide (CNPP) on the muscle development of healthy rats and selected blood hormones levels were investigated.

The aim of this study was to develop technology to produce a mashed pumpkin yoghurt rich in b-carotene and to check its physicochemical properties and nutritional values. The structural and mechanical properties of the yoghurt product, as well its basic nutrient content and antioxidant activity, were studied. Yoghurt fortified with pumpkin puree has the potential to normalise the commensal intestinal microbiota and has potential as a dietary health supplement. The experimental yoghurt samples that were produced had physicochemical properties comparable to commercially produced yoghurt: the pumpkin-supplemented samples contained 4.5% fibre, 8.5 mg/100 g vitamin C and 8.9 mg/100 g b-carotene.Keywords Raw vegetables, Pumpkin, Yoghurt, Micronutrients, b-carotene, Fibre. INTRODUCTIONDairy products are very nutritious and valuable because they contain essential micronutrients. In modern society, yoghurt is quite popular and many products contain a wide range of additives, thus offering consumers a wide choice. An integral part of most yoghurts is the presence of live lactic acid bacteria, which have the potential to contribute beneficially to gastrointestinal health. Raw vegetables rich in complex macro-and micronutrients and fibre cleanse the human body and normalise the fluid balance (Sutton et al. 2014). Regular consumption of vegetables helps to prevent various diseases (Bhat and Al-Daihan 2014;Kao et al. 2014). Despite their usefulness as vegetable fillers, a number of yoghurt additives especially fruits and berries have not found broad applications in food products (Miranda et al. 2011). To improve product quality, it is better to use natural sources of vitamins, such as raw vegetables or fruits as additives, as these are easily available due to the wide range of agricultural produce worldwide.The use of raw vegetables materials as additives to food products is gaining prominence.Creating a functional food with plant ingredients will not only meet human needs in terms of basic nutrients and energy but also enrich the active ingredients present in such foods (Ivanov and Rashevskaya 2011). Pumpkin belongs to a healthy and functional food group that is rich in phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids), carotenoids and vitamins. The low energy value of pumpkin-based diets may help to reduce blood glucose levels, thus potentially offering antidiabetic properties for products containing pumpkin (Jin et al. 2013). Consumption of carotenoids has been shown to reduce the risk of degenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cataracts and macular degeneration, and also helps to prevent some types of cancer (Provesi et al. 2011).Pumpkin also contains a number of macroand microelements (Rakcejeva et al. 2011), as well as dietary fibre, that can help to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, provide optimal digestion and reduce the risk of cancer of the cardiovascular and the digestive systems. Another ingredient found in pumpkin, pectin, has been reported to protect the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract...