This review paper is devoted to myopathy of slaughter animals and poultry, and examines a relationship between fast growth of muscle tissue in hybrid pigs, broiler chickens and turkey, and high frequency of detection of spontaneous or idiopathic myopathies. The development of myopathy reduces consumer and technological properties of meat, and leads to emergence of different pathological conditions (PSE or RSE meat, «destructured meat», «white» or «green» meat, punctate hemorrhage, «wooden breast» and others). Two types of myopathic conditions are examined: myopathies caused by stress in animals and nutritional myopathies, which contribution to meat quality deterioration seems to be determinative. It is shown that the basis of the mechanism of the myopathy development is the mechanism of the successive changes in muscle tissue: damage of cell membranes and release of mitochondrial calcium, which causes hypercontraction, dystrophic changes, atrophy and necrosis of muscle fibers. To alleviate the damaging effect of two types of myopathies, different substances-adaptogens (selenium, vitamin E, flavonoids and others) can be used. It is stated that the requirements of animals in adaptogens change with an increase in the indicators of their productivity. UDC 636.4.084

Dihydroquercetin (DHQ; taxifolin) and quercetin are interesting for pig breeding as adaptogens positively affecting the antioxidant status of animals. The aim of the study was a comparative quality analysis of pork from the control and experimental pig groups (hybrid young barrows F2 (LWxL)xD with livestock weight of 35.0±1.0 kg at the beginning of the experiment; 18 animals) exposed to the technological stress (rearrangement) and received 0 and 32 mg DHQ per 1 kg feed, respectively, throughout the feeding period up to livestock weight of 115.0±1.5 kg. Pork (m. L.dorsi) was analyzed 24 hours after slaughter. In the control and experimental groups, the loin eye area was 61.02±2.54 and 61.51±3.85 сm2 (р=0.83); the content of moisture was 68.9±2.2 and 70.9±0.6% (P = 0.39), fat 7.0±2.6 and 4.3±0.8% (P = 0.34), protein 22.7±0.3 and 23.3±0.6% (P = 0.39); рН 24 was 5.39±0.05 and 5.46±0.09 (P = 0.51); the moisture holding capacity was 65.97±1.96 and 68.36±2.55% (P = 0.47); color: lightness 56.56±2.22 and 60.58±3.16 (P = 0.31), redness 3.34±1.06 and 5.54±2.54 (P = 0.44), yellowness 9.42±1.43 and 10.79±1.64 (P = 0.55), respectively. The intensity of meat odor (a.u. х 107) was 28.29±7.79 and 19.46±2.23 (P = 0.29) in raw meat, 123.61±14.49 and 113.06±4.58 (P = 0.50) in cooked meat, respectively. The obtained data are in agreement with the works by Kremer B.T., 1999; Zou Y., 2016; Ivanova S.G., 2019 and others, who demonstrated an insignificant or ambiguous contribution of adaptogens into meat quality. Therefore, despite the positive trend of the DHQ effect on pork quality, statistically significant differences between two groups were not established. The work was supported by the grant No. 19-16-00068 of the Russian Science Foundation.

A b s t r a c t: The mapping method in the design of internal map is one of the novel and effective ways to evaluate consumer preferences. Internal map allows determining and visualizing differences in consumer preferences to foods that are being compared. It also helps to link together different information about the food item and consumer attitude to it.The aim of this study is to investigate the possibilities of internal map's instruments to assess consumer attitude to cooked sausages. Five samples of cooked sausage "Doktorskaya", produced according to GOST R 521096-2011, which It is evident that internal preference maps facilitate the analysis of the consumer panel testing results of both sensory and specifi c characteristics. Summarizing the results of the study on the consumer evaluation of product quality, it can be concluded that the use of internal preference maps allows obtaining of the complex visualized information not only about overall preference of a product but also about preference of the individual organoleptic attributes and specifi c characteristics with regard to the market segments.Statistical analysis of the results of consumer preferences by mapping method enables to: (1) study product classes, highlight a direction and strength of liking or disliking of a product by the specifi c groups of population, determine the best and similar products by organoleptic properties; (2) study consumer requirements; (3) determine a direction of product modifi cations to optimize its organoleptic characteristics and improve perception by consumers; -assess consumer reaction on newly developed products; (4) establish the link between the product organoleptic characteristics and consumer preferences.The obtained information can be used by marketing services when developing a new product strategy and launching it to a market, studying a market structure, strengths and weaknesses of competitors, needs and motivation of buyers, the targeted work with a specifi c buyers' segment and so on.

Microbial eczema is a chronic recurrent dermatosis characterized by evolutionary polymorphism of the elements of the rash, sputum, itching, allergic reaction of the sensitized skin to the products of the decay of microorganisms and their toxins, developing against the background of a long-existing pyogenic focus in violation of the most important regulatory systems of the body.Purpose: to study the biocenosis of the skin in patients with microbial eczema and to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the cream “Tetraderm” in such patients.Materials and methods. Patients with microbial eczema were observed, randomly selected into two groups. All patients studied biocenosis of the skin before and after treatment. Patients of the study group received topical therapy with the cream “Tetraderm”. External therapy for patients of the comparison group was carried out with cream of mometasone furoate in combination with erythromycin and clotrimazole ointments. The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated taking into account the clinical dynamics of the skin process, bacteriological data on the content of pustules and detachable erosion, calculation of the EASI and DIJ indices.Results. A comparative analysis of the biocenosis of microbial eczema foci in patients of both groups at the end of therapy showed a higher severity of disbiotic changes in the comparison group. As a result of our study found that patients who used the cream “Tetraderm”, there was a more rapid regression of dermatosis, almost complete suppression of pathogenic bacterial flora, a significant improvement in the quality of life.Conclusion. The biocenosis of the skin of patients with microbial eczema was characterized by a high degree of contamination of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, against the background of the average verification of Streptococcus spp., Candida spp. The combination of pronounced anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicotic and regenerating effects of the cream “Tetraderm” causes its high efficiency and prospects of use as a drug of choice of topical monotherapy of microbial eczema.