The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation method from plants of three varieties Agastache aurantiaca, cultivated on the Republic of Belarus were investigated. Some morphobiometric parameters of plants 'Tango', 'Apricot Sprite' and 'Fragrant Delight' and oil yields were determined. Using the technique of gas-liquid chromatography essential oil components were identified and determined. The main components of the essential oil from 'Tango' and 'Fragrant Delight' plants were menton (~ 53 and ~ 65 v/v % respectively) and pulegon (~ 36 and ~ 25 v/v % respectively). The samples of 'Apricot' Sprite' essential oil were rich in isomentone (~ 46 v/v %) and pulegon (~ 41 v/v %). All tested essential oils contained (+)-menton and (+)-pulegon enantiomeric forms only. The antibacterial activity of dimethylsulfoxide and ethanolic essential oil solutions against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella alony, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium sp., Escherichia coli Hfr H, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was proved. Ethanol solutions of essential oils at the concentrations 0.001–0.1 v/v % had significant bactericidal activity. A correlation between the composition of the essential oil and their antibacterial properties was established.

The steam distillation method was used to obtain samples of essential oil of plants of three varieties Hyssopus officinalis L., cultivated in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. More than 20 components were identified and determined in the essential oils of plants of the varieties Lazurit, Rozotsvetkovy, Zaveya by gas-liquid chromatography. It has been established that the studied varieties of Hyssopus officinalis belong to the pinocamphone chemotype. The main components are pinocamphone (67.6–76.0%), β-pinene, eugenol, limonene, camphene, sabinene, linalool, 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol, α-pinene, γ-terpinene and pinocampheol. The distribution of the enantiomers of a-and b-pinenes, camphene, limonene and linalool was established in the studied samples. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and optical isomers of pure β-pinene was investigated on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella alony, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium sp., Escherichia coli Hfr H, Pseudomonas aeruosa by disc method. It is shown that (+)-β-pinene showed higher antibacterial activity to (-)-β-pinene. The increased content of (+)-β-pinene in the varieties of Hyssopus officinalis with pink (Rosacea variety) and white (Zaveya variety) aureoles of flowers caused a higher antibacterial activity of their essential oils against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

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Белорусский государственный технологический университет ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СОСТАВА И АНТИМИКРОБНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ЭФИРНЫХ МАСЕЛ РЯДА ХВОЙНЫХ ПОРОД ДЕРЕВЬЕВНа территории естественных лесных массивов с деревьев сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.), ели европейской (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) и ели канадской (Picea glauca) отобраны образцы древесной зелени в зимний и летний период. Отбор образцов древесной зелени с хвойных насаждений производился в экологически чистой зоне и на территории, загрязненной токсичными элементами. Из всех отобранных образцов было выделено эфирное масло, содержание которого существенно зависело от времени и места отбора образцов. Методом спектроскопии ЯМР и газожидкостной хроматографии выполнен анализ группового состава масел и измерено содержание α-пинена, 3-карена, камфена, лимонена, 1,8-цинеола и камфоры как основных соединений в эфирных маслах. Установлено, что состав масел существенно зависит от места и времени отбора образцов. Диффузионным методом проведена оценка антибактериальной активности эфирных масел. Показано, что антимикробные свойства эфирных масел существенно зависят от их компонентного состава. Даны рекомендации по практическим аспектам заготовки древесной зелени и использованию эфирных масел.Ключевые слова: сосна обыкновенная (Pinus sylvestris L.), ель европейская (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), ель канадская (Picea glauca), эфирное масло, состав, антимикробная активность.