In this work, thermally stable Y2O3:Eu3+ nanophosphors by organic mediated combustion technique using dilute citric acid / citric acid mixed with diethylene glycol as fuel was prepared. The structural analysis establishes that these oxides crystallize into body-centered cubic structure with a space group la3. The nanophosphor prepared by citric acid with diethylene glycol as fuel exhibits better surface morphology and enhanced photoemission. The addition of polymeric precursors greatly enhanced the photoluminescence intensity of Y2O3: Eu phosphor by reducing the surface defects via the morphological control and improvement of crystallite growth. Investigations on temperature dependent photoluminescence studies reveal that the materials are thermally stable and the respective activation energy was 0.130 and 0.143 eV. The nanophosphor, fueled with diethylene glycol, exhibit remarkable CIE chromaticity coordinates (0.655, 0.345),in agreement with the National Television System Committee standards, and good CCT values with high color purity (96.48%), making them potential red phosphor in the fabrication of white light-emitting diodes.

One of the most important factors limiting the development of industrial processes is the consumption of large amounts of clean water and the generation of large amounts of wastewater. Pigments are available in a wide range of colors, consisting of small molecules practically insoluble in the medium and known to be unique compounds for many industries. They are widely used in dyestuff, cosmetics, food products, pharmaceuticals, manufacturing processes, etc. This study focuses on the removal of pigments and other components from wastewater discharged from pigment plants. The separation process was carried out in two stages: the first was to use prepared activated carbon as an adsorbent to separate the pigment, and then the separation process by electrodialysis to remove other components such as salts, acids, and others. This study considers prepared activated carbon (AC) as an effective separating adsorbent. The preparation process mainly included two-stage pyrolysis and activation using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).