Breast cancer in (42-48) % of cases is a multicentric or multifocal process. Multicentricity of the tumor is the presence of several tumor foci located in different quadrants (segments) of the breast; multifocality is the presence of several tumor foci in one square or segment. Multifocal and multicentric cancers evidently are biologically different diseases. The importance of identifying all the foci is that with a multicentric lesion, more radical types of surgical treatment are applied. With cancer monocentricity, organ-preserving surgery is predominantly chosen, and with multicentricity – radical mastectomy. Multifocality not detected at the preoperative stage and, especially, multicentricity is the cause of relapses in more than 40 % of cases. The purpose of the review is to consider the information content and effectiveness of radiation diagnostic technologies in the aspect of identification of multicentric and multifocal breast cancer. X-ray mammography, full-format digital X-ray mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, multispiral computed tomography, infrared thermography of transmission optical tomography, sonography, digital tomosynthesis, mammoscintigraphy, electric impedance mammography are considered. Key words: multifocal and multicentric cancer, mammography, magnetic resonance mammography, multispiral computer tomography, mammoscintigraphy, sonography, electric impedance mammography.