ВведениеОдной из основных причин летальности у постра давших в критическом состоянии, перенесших шок и кро вопотерю, являются инфекционные осложнения [1][2][3][4]. IntroductionInfection complications are one of the main causes of mortality in critically ill patients after shock and blood loss [1][2][3][4]. The common infectious agent is the opportunistic Objective: to estimate the clinical and prognostic value of the blood levels of lipopolysaharide binding protein (LPS BP) and lac tate in critically ill polytrauma patients. Subjects and methods. An analysis was made of the results of an examination in critical ly ill polytrauma victims who were retrospectively classified in accordance with the 1992 ACCP/SCCM criteria: systemic inflam matory response syndrome (n=18), local infection (n=36), sepsis (n=27), severe sepsis (n=12), and septic shock (n=6). A case was regarded as infection when the source of the latter was established and it was microbiologically verified. The investigators determined serum LPS BP levels by an immunochemiluminescence analyzer (IMMULITE ONE, USA) and venous whole blood lactate concentrations by a Roche Omni S analyzer (Germany). Results. The development of infectious complications was noted in 81% of the polytrauma patients by days 5-7; by days 8-10, 45% were diagnosed as having sepsis whose severe course was characterized by the addition of polyresistant gram negative microorganisms. An early increase in the concentration and fre quency of diagnostic levels of serum LPS BP was ascertained in the polytrauma patients before infection was microbiologically verified. There was a strong direct correlation between lactate and LPS BP levels. Conclusion. The findings suggest that LPS BP and lactate are of diagnostic and prognostic value and may be used as early markers of pyoseptic complications.