Environmental monitoring of the area of influence of pollutants of sewage is inextricably linked with the state of atmospheric air parameters, which determines the final characteristics of the process. In this case, this interaction has a significant impact on the development and functioning, as well as the durability of plant components of ecosystems. Increasing the accuracy and reliability of monitoring results is due to the economic difficulties due to the high cost of equipment (detectors, communication channels, multiplexing devices, security systems, etc.). The aim of the research is to optimize the measuring monitoring network of toxic pollutants, taking into account the number and location of pollutant detectors. The simplest developed method is based on taking into account the radius of the area of reliable detection, which depends on the signal threshold of detection, which in turn depends on the background pollution and its fluctuations in the control locations, the distance from the source of the emissions, the time of exposure of the detector (or the processing time of the analysis), the level the actions of the control system (the values of pollution, the achievement of which should trigger an alarm system to exceed the maximum permissible value of pollution), flow velocity.The system approach to the analysis of heavy technogenic accidents and their ecological consequences is aimed at the coordination and integration of the use of scientific research, the holistic coverage of the phenomena of interest, the deepening of the study of the mechanism of accidents, the development of emergency processes in space and time, the impact of the impressive factors of the accident on the environment. The developed methodology for the analysis of the toxic pollutions, including waste with hexamethylenediamine, is built on a hierarchical principle, consisting of blocks of analysis of accidents, examination of the consequences of accidents, a priori and a posteriori risk assessment, as well as the adoption of managerial decisions.

The paper is devoted to the problem of students' knowledge assessment, because very fact of a grade of a student in a particular subject does not reflect his or her competences. The purpose of the research is the analysis of deviations, i. e. identification of data that differ in any parameters in the total mass. Usually, students become more critical during their education (from their point of view, subjectively or objectively) of the subjects they studied: something they do not need, and something -is extremely important. Accordingly, this is reflected in the estimates. It is proposed to use the ideas of spectral analysis, the method of nearest neighbors, plausible reasoning, fuzzy set methods and identification methods. The idea of spectral analysis is that all student assessments are located at fixed positions: each assessment of indicators in a predetermined place in groups of selected subjects. This rating can be the result of assessment of knowledge during the module control, assessment of the course project, test results, etc. When using distance learning methods and tools in the dialogue mode, the assessment is set by a program that monitors the assimilation of current material. Identification of a specific spectrogram can be carried out using the method of the nearest neighbor and the Euclidean metric as a measure of proximity. The presented appropriate algorithms of the student's self-preparation process includes the main aspects of education process. The proposed heuristics for decision making on the knowledge defines the presence of certain trend, comparing the situation where the estimate does not exceed the standard deviation and the result of the observation of the change in the estimate in the current and during the previous assessments. The developed approach helps to assess students' knowledge more objectively and to identify trends in the development of material, gaps in knowledge and the aptitudes of students.