第 37 卷第 8 期 2017 年 4 月 生 态 学 报 ACTA ECOLOGICA SINICA Vol.37,No.8 Apr.,2017 http: / / www.ecologica.cn 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助(31270250, 31470308) 收稿日期:2016• 03• 10; 网络出版日期:2016• 09• 19 * 通讯作者 Corresponding author.E•mail: fanyaw@ 163.com DOI: 10.5846 / stxb201603100424 代存芳,易映彤,刘妍,巴秋爽,范亚文.扎龙湿地硅藻植物群落季节变化及其对环境的响应.生态学报,2017,37(8) :2818• 2827. Dai C F, Yi Y T, Liu Y, Ba Q S, Fan Y W.Seasonal changes of diatom community structure in the Zhalong wetland and its relationship with environmental conditions.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(8) :2818• 2827. 扎龙湿地硅藻植物群落季节变化及其对环境的响应 代存芳,易映彤,刘 妍,巴秋爽,范亚文 * 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,植物学省级重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150025硅藻植物群落呈现明显的季节演替,秋季硅藻种类丰富度及相对丰度 明显高于春、夏两季,优势种多以淡水、半咸水、喜弱碱的种类为主,优势种与水体的盐度和酸碱度存在一定的响应关系。 应用 典范对应分析( Canonical Correspondence Analysis,CCA) 探讨硅藻植物群落变化与环境因子之间的关系。 CCA 结果显示在扎龙 湿地中,水温、电导率、pH、溶解氧是影响硅藻群落结构变化的主要因素,此外总氮、总磷也是硅藻群落季节演替的重要驱动因 子。 结合硅藻植物多样性指数和硅藻商对扎龙湿地水质进行综合评价,结果显示扎龙湿地整体为中•寡污带水体,部分水域水 质较清洁,少数样点受人为因素影响,呈轻污染。 关键词:硅藻群落;季节变化;环境响应 Seasonal changes of diatom community structure in the Zhalong wetland and its relationship with environmental conditions DAI Cunfang, YI Yingtong, LIU Yan, BA Qiushuang, FAN Yawen * College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China Abstract: The Zhalong wetland is located in the western portion of the Heilongjiang Province, downstream of the Wuyuer River, which is the most complete wetland in north China at similar latitudes. It is an important habitat for cherish cranes and waterfowl. Recently, water in the Zhalong wetland became more saline. In 2012, algae samples were collected from six sites in spring, summer, and autumn. In total, 140 diatom taxa were observed, including 121 species, 19 varieties belonging to 2 classes, 6 orders, 9 families, and 30 genera. Pennatae diatoms were rich in species and accounted for 95% of the total number. Diatom community showed seasonal succession, with the richness and relative abundance of diatom species in autumn higher than during spring and summer. Most of the dominant species were freshwater, brackish, or weakly alkaline water species. Dominant species occurred in response to salinity and pH of water; an obvious correlation with environmental conditions. Navicula cryptocephala was the dominant species of the Zhalong wetland in spring, summer, and autumn. Meanwhile, Amphipleura pellucida, Gomphonema micropus, and Nitzschia palea were abundant in alkaline water. This indicated that the Zhalong wetland was affected by soil salinization. Environmental parameters, including pH, water temperature ( WT ) , conductivity ( SpCond.) , chemical oxygen demand ( COD Cr ) , permanganate index ( COD Mn ) , biochemical oxygen demand ( BOD 5 ) , dissolved oxygen ( DO ) , total phosphorus ( TP ) , and total nitrogen ( TN ) were measured. The relationships between environmental factors and the variation in diatom community structure were analyzed by
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